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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary Immunodeficiencies
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Genetically Determined
B &/ or T cells affected Increased susceptibility to infection, (esp. pyogenic/ pus) Defect in Phagocytic activity of neutrophils or monocytes or in Chemotaxis |
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Secondary Immunodeficiencies
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Acquired
Often Iatrogenic (medical care caused) Infections, malnutrition, aging, side-effects deliberate immunosuppression (ie chemo & irradiation) |
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Predisposal due to T cell insufficiency
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*** Either quantity or quality insufficiency
Mycotic & Viral infections *** Bcells doesn't have this |
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Agammaglobulinemia
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B-Cell Issue
X Linked Primary Immunological Deficiency |
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Thymic Aplasia
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T-Cell Issue
DiGeorge's Syndrome Absent Thymus gland- decreased t-cell processing/ activity **** viral and fungal infections |
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Swiss-Type Agammaglobulinemia
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Both B & T
Severe lymphocytopenia Child dies within a year- no immune system Gene Therapy |
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Ataxia Telangiectasia
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B & T Cell
Thymus gland is embryonic in development. Loss of T cell & partial B cell Loss of muscular coordination Y dilation of blood vessels |
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Down's Syndrome
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Primary Immunological Deficiency
Increased susceptibility to infection |
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Monocomponent Immunodeficiencies
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Lacks 'specific' component of immune system.
Defects in IgA, complement proteins & complement receptors |
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Lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's Disease, multiple myeloma
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Depression of serum immunoglobulins
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Leukemia; myeloproliferative disorders
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Depressed serum globulins
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Type I: Immediate Hypersensitivity
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Anaphylaxis
IgE binds to mast cell- releases histamines |
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Anaphylaxis
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Full body edema caused by greatly increased permeability
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Type II: Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity
Host cell opsonization |
Antibodies attack cellular antigens
IgG & IgM Antigen-antibody is cytotoxi or activates complement system via MAC (resulting in opsonization) |
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Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
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Type II Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity
Antibodies attack own body's blood |
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Goodpasture's Syndrome
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Type II Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity
Opsonized cells are in basement membranes of kidney and lung |
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Type III: Immune Complex Hypersensitivity
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IgM, IgG or IgA formed against antigen
Local or systemic More antigen than antibody |
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Local Immune Complex Hypersensitivity
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Arthus Reaction
Takes a few hours to develop |
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Systemic Immune complex hypersensitivity
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Serum Sickness
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Serum Sickness
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Classic of Systemic Type III
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Type IV: Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity
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Delayed T Cell responses
Hours or days after exposure Lymphocytes i.e. Tuberculin reaction |
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Organ Transplant Rejection
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More involved with sensitized lymphociytes than antibodies or immune complexes
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