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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Erythrocyte action?
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Oxygen exchange
Biconcave disc increases s:v ratio haemoglobin --> oxyhaemoglobin |
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Erythrocyte loss causes?
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Anaemia
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Erythrocyte gain?
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Polycythemia
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Name 3 granulocytes
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Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil
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Neutrophil appearance and action?
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Multi-lobed nucleus
Granules neutral Phagocytose bacteria and dead cells After infection phagocytose =PUS |
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Eosinophil appearance and action?
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Bilobed nucleus
Contain large granules which stain bright red with acidic eosin stain Increase in allergic states and parasitic infestation |
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Basophil appearance and action?
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Bi-lobed nucleus
Granules stain blue/purple Increase in inflammatory and hypersensitivity reactions Release histamine from MAST CELLS |
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Monocyte appearance and action?
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Mononuclear - horse-shoe shaped
Remove microorganisms, damaged cells and cell fragments In tissues - MACROPHAGES |
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Where do T lymphocytes mature?
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Thymus - promote maturation of T-lymphocytes in addition to producing white blood cells
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Where do B lymphocytes come from?
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Bone marrow and lymph nodes from lymphoid stem cells
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What do T-lymphocytes do?
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Mount the cell-mediated immune response;
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What do B lymphocytes do?
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Humoral immune response - synthesise antibodies to the specific antigen
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Platelets come from?
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Megakaryocytes
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Platelets action?
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Release coagulation factors
Blood clotting cascade |
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Astrocyte action?
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Contribute to blood brain barrier
Proliferate after local damage, repair defect and form astrolytic scar Mop up neurotransmitters |
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Oligodendrocyte action?
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Produce myelin in the CNS
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Loss of oligodendrocytes cause?
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Multiple sclerosis
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Schwaan cell function?
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To support and myelinate axons in the PNS
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Fibroblast action?
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Synthesises extracellular matrix and collagen
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Fibrocyte action?
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Inactive mesenchymal cell - differentiate into active fibroblasts
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Osteoblast action?
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Form bone. Produces a matrix of osteoid that becomes mineralised
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Osteoclast action?
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A cell that breaks down bone and is responsible for bone resorption
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Why is osteoclast activity increased in women after menopause?
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Decreased estrogen - can lead to osteoporosis
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Chondroblast action?
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A cell that produces cartilage
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Myoblast definition?
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Myoblasts-->Myotubes-->skeletal muscle
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Myocyte definition?
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A muscle cell
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