Pathology - Acute & Chronic Inflammation

Front 1

Cardinal signs of Inflammation

Back 1

Rubor - redness
Dolor - pain
Calor - heat
Tumor - swelling
[Functio laesa - loss of function]

Front 2

the classic cells of acute inflammation

Back 2

Neutrophils! the main cell type and the first to arrive in actue inflammation (macrophages may also be present).

Front 3

Triple Response of Lewis

Back 3

1. vasoconstriction - lasts seconds, seen as initial paleness
2. vasodilation - blood flow increases, seen as redness
3. slowing of circulation - plasma exits vessels into tissues, seen as tissue edema
[NOTE: this is the same as the Vascular Stage of Acute Inflammation]

Front 4

Vascular Stage of Acute Inflammation

Back 4

1st Stage
1. vasoconstriction - lasts seconds, seen as initial paleness
2. vasodilation - blood flow increases, seen as redness
3. slowing of circulation - plasma exits vessels into tissues, seen as tissue edema

Front 5

Early Cellular Stage of Acute Inflammation

Back 5

2nd Stage
4. Margination - WBCs move to periphery of vessel as flow slows
5. Pavementing - WBCs line the blood vessel, around the edges

Front 6

Cellular Events of Acute Inflammation

Back 6

3rd Stage
6. Adhesion - WBCs adhere to endothelial cells
7. Emigration - WBCs squeeze through openings in endothelium and move into the tissues
8. Chemotaxis - of WBCs; mediated by complement (C5a) and arachidonic acid metabolites (esp. leukotriene B4)
9. Phagocytosis - of debris by WBCs; mediated by opsonins (esp. IgG Fc and C3b)
10. Degranulation - Phagocytic vacuole fuses to lysosome