Pathology

Front 1

cancer

Back 1

uncontrolled proliferation of cells that express varying degrees of fidelity in their precursors

Front 2

carcinoma

Back 2

any of the various types of malignant neoplasms that derive from epithelial tissue, classified accord. to invasiveness and changes that indicate anaplasia, may be undifferentiated or resemble the tissue from which it derives

Front 3

sarcoma

Back 3

any of various, highly malignant, neoplasms of CT

Front 4

invasion

Back 4

direct extension or spread of a tumor within the tissue of origin, with penetration of the BM of host tissue and surrounding extracellular env.

Front 5

metastasis

Back 5

transfer of malignant cells from one site to another not directly connected to it

Front 6

benign tumor

Back 6

does not invade adj. tissue borders or spread to distant sites, suffix "oma"

Front 7

malignant tumor

Back 7

tumor that invades/metastasizes where subpop. of tumor cells proliferate, suffix "carcinoma" to indicate epithelium or "sarcoma" to indicate mesenchymal

Front 8

anaplasia

Back 8

lack of differentiation in a cancer cell

Front 9

carcinoma in situ

Back 9

localized malignant tumor that has not yet acquired invasive potential

Front 10

mutagens

Back 10

agents that can permanently alter genetic constitution of a cell

Front 11

oncogene

Back 11

tumorigenic and transforming DNA sequences in human tumors that are mutants of normal proto-oncogenes which control growth and differentiation

Front 12

tumor-suppressor gene

Back 12

mutation that creates a deficiency of a normal gene product which controls cellular proliferation causing tumor formation