Pathology

Front 1

descrip patchy atelectasis

Back 1

lamellar bodies of type II pneumonytes
cause lack of surfactant

Front 2

phases of pneumonia

Back 2

congestion, red hepatization, grey hepatization, resolution

Front 3

pct cough fever sputum consolidation of lobe observe neutrophils and hemorrhage

Back 3

red hepatization

Front 4

pcte cough fever sputum consolidation of lobe observe degradation of RBC

Back 4

grey hepatization

Front 5

pct cough fever sputum x ray scattered patchy consolidation centered around bronchioles

Back 5

bronchopneumonia

Front 6

most common cause of lung abcess

Back 6

aspiration

Front 7

pte with with dry cough xray diffuse intersticial infiltrades, elevated cold aglutinins

Back 7

atypical pneumonia cause mycoplasma pneumonis

Front 8

subpleural caseous granuloma above or below the interlobar fissure

Back 8

ghon focus

Front 9

subpleural caseous granuloma below interlobar fisure with lymph node granuloma

Back 9

ghon complex

Front 10

pte with cough shortness of breath and noncaseating granulomas + elevated ACE

Back 10

sarcoidosis

Front 11

noncaseating granulomas with stellate giant-ctoplasmatic inclusions what it is the name of inclusions

Back 11

asteroid bodies

Front 12

hypercalcemia in sarcoidosis is due to

Back 12

activation of vit D by no caseating granuloms

Front 13

loss type I pneumocytes hyaline menbrane formation fluid accumulation in alveolar spaces

Back 13

adult respirator distress syndrome

Front 14

baby hours of birth develop tachypnea nasal flaring cyanosis xray ground glass reticulogranular densities

Back 14

respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn

Front 15

the baby develop after treatmetn fibrosis behind the lens inside the eye abnormal vascularization

Back 15

cause by oxygen treatment the name is retrolental fibroplasia or retinopathy of prematurity, cans cause too bronchopulmonar dysplasia

Front 16

creatinine is derived from AA

Back 16

glycine and arginine

Front 17

what is the storaged form of creatinine

Back 17

creatinine phosphate

Front 18

what is the principal action of aldosterona and where acts

Back 18

promotes activity of Na/K ATPase in distal tubules and collecting tubules

Front 19

what happend in ebstein anomaly

Back 19

anomalous attachment of tricuspid leaflets result in downward displacement of tricuspid valve into right ventricle=tricuspid regurgitation

Front 20

what is the MCC of epididymitis

Back 20

E coli and Pseudomona in older,in less 35 n, gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis

Front 21

pte with parkinson + depression how i treat?

Back 21

use TCA like aminotryptyline because have anticholinergic properties

Front 22

cardiac disease characteristic endocardium thickens secondary to increase fibrous and elastic tissue common left ventricule

Back 22

endocardial fibroelastosis related to intrauterinal infections by virus MCC mumps

Front 23

what is the histologic hallmark of ARDS

Back 23

ARDS cause difuse alveolar damage hallmark formation of hyaline menbranes within the alveolar cavities

Front 24

what is caracteristic of androgen insensitivity, and what is found in hormonal blood

Back 24

androgen insensitivity xy genotype and female fenotype it has abnormal androgen receptor central and periphericaly, in lab high gonadotrophins = high LH = high testoreno secretion in leidyng cells

Front 25

what is the only dna virus with Double strand

Back 25

parpovirus, B19 is causative of aplastic crises in sickle cell, slapped cheeks rash, cause erythema infectiosum (fifth disease, hydrops fetalis)

Front 26

what are the only DNA that are linear

Back 26

those are papovavirus (HPV, JC) and hepadnavirus (HBV)

Front 27

what is the only RNA virus that is Double stran

Back 27

reovirus (reovirus and rotavirus first causative of fatal diarrhea in children

Front 28

what are the RNA that are naked

Back 28

naked CPR
calicivirus (HEV, Norwalk virus=gastroenteritis
picornavirus (PERCH= poliovirus, echovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackie, HAV)
reovirus (reovirus, rotavirus)

Front 29

what mechanism compesate for heart failur

Back 29

increase preload (> edv >sv), myocardial hypertrophy, redistribution of CO,and neurohumoral adjustements

Front 30

what is the cause of peripheral edema in heart failure

Back 30

increase Right atrial pressure

Front 31

what is the mechanism of hypoxic respiratoy failure on ARDS

Back 31

abnormal alveolar capilar permeability

Front 32

what is the common characteristic of aortic stenosis murmur

Back 32

crescemdp-decrecendo systolic ejection murmur

Front 33

what causa angina pectoris in aortic stenosis

Back 33

is cause by LV hypertrophy

Front 34

what happend with LVPSP, PWP, LAP

Back 34

the increase in left vent peak systolic pressure increase LAP(PWP)

Front 35

holosystolic high pitched blowing murmur loudest at apex

Back 35

mitral regurgitacion

Front 36

common type of thyroid tumor associated with MEN II MEN III

Back 36

medullary carcinoma arise from C cells (parafollicular) and secretes calcitonin, micro looks nest of polyglonal cells in amyloid stroma(precalcitonin)

Front 37

codman's triangle, sunburst pattern in xrays

Back 37

osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma) commom males young (10-25) associated with Retinoblastoma involves metaphysis, around the knee,most common
macro large firm white tan mass with necrosis and hemorrhage

Front 38

give actions of angiotensin II

Back 38

vasocontriction afferent arteriol, release aldosterone, in kidney increase reabsortion of HCO3 and secrete acid in tubular, degrade bradikinins

Front 39

pte treat with citotoxic drugs plus leukemia give a common complication

Back 39

tumor lysis syndrome release of uric acid cause gout and renal failure, hyperkalemia, cause by dying tumor cells spread contents in to the stream

Front 40

hyaline arteriolosclerosis

Back 40

pink, glassy arterial wall thickening with luminal narrowing in DM non malingnant HTA and aging