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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This people knew about disease states and had healers and specialists (3000BC).
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Sumers and Egyptians
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This was thought to cause disease.
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Spirits, worms, and intestinal decay
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He was a pyramid builder and physician to the pharoh.
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Imhotep
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This nation was the cradle of Western medicine.
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Greece
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He founded a school of physicians whose writings have been preserved and is credited with an oath.
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Hippocrates (460-377BC)
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Greek physicians developed their knowledge by
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observation and thinking and not by scientific methods.
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Greek medical thinking was based on these that were related to nature.
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"Humors": black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, and blood
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These people advanced Greek medicine.
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Romans
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He identified the cardinal signs of inflammation in 30BC-38AD.
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Celsus
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The greates doctor of all times who worked with Gladiators and described cancer.
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Galen
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Medicine was stuck with this person until the Renaissance in the 13th and 14th centuries.
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Galen
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This guy learned from human dissectio about the bodies' muscular and skeletal system.
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Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
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This guy produced a famous anatomic book still avaialble today.
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Andrea Vesalius
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He is credited with the first autopsies to determine the patients cause of death.
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Antonio Benivieni (1443-1502)
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She noticed that some diseases affect all organs while other only some--General pathology vs. Organ Systemic Pathology
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Marie-Francois Bichat (1771-1802)
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This guy performed 20,000 autopsies with another 60,000 under his supervision.
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Carl Rokitansky (1804-1878)
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He introduce the concept of cellular pathology.
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Rudolf Virchow (1821-1905)
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Undesired deviations from the norm.
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Human diseases
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Diseases are usually detected if they cause
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Signs or symptoms
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An Example of a Sign is
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fever, high blood pressure and can be seen by a doctor
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An Example of a Symptom is
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Pain, drowsiness and is reported by a patient
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The alteration that is visible to the naked eye
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Gross examination
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Alterations visible by a microscope
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Histologic examination
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Laboratory examinations include
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Blood tests, urine samples, and DNA tests
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Specialized examinations include
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X-rays, ultrasound, endoscopy, and MRI
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Multiple Sclerosis Pathology
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Demyelination of the white matter of CNA
Sclerosis Frequent inflammation along later ventricles |
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Disease etiology
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the cause of the disease such as by gene defect, virus, bacteria, or injury
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Pathogenesis
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The disease process
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Morphologic changes
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Structural changes in the affected tissues
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Functional Changes
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Clinical manifestation ex. fever and pain
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Congenital and hereditary diseases:
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genetic abnormalities, cleft palate etc..
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Inflammatory diseases
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Infectious diseases, allergies, and gout
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Metabolic diseases
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thyroid disfunction, enzyme deficiencies
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Neoplastic diseases
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Breast cancer, lung cancer, cancers in general
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Important aspects of disease.
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Psychological, social, economic apsects, and treatment
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The Four cardinal symptoms of acute inflammation
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Rubor, tumor, dolor, calor
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Two types of procedures
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Non-invasive and invasive
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Common lab tess
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CBC (complete blood count), Serologic tests, Disease markers
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Electrocardiogram
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Mesures electrical activity of the heart
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Electroencephalogram
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Measures electrical acitivity of the brain
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Electromyogram
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Measures electrical activity of the muscle
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P wave
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Atrial depolarization
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QRS complex
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Ventricular depoloarization
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T wave
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Repolarization of the ventricle
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X-rays were discoverd by
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Wilhelm Rentgen
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These are electormagnetic radiation identical to light but of a much shorter wavelength
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X-rays and gamma rays
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Light has a wavelength of
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6000 angstroms
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X-ray wavelength is
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1 angstrom
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Gamma ray wavelenght is
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0.0001 angstrom
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What type of rays are used?
CT uses: PET uses: MRI uses |
External and X-rays
Internal gamma-rays Magnetic and radiowave fields |
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Most common stain is
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H&E (Hematoxylin and Eosin)
H is a basic dye and stains nucleic acid. E is acidic and stains cytoplasm |
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PAS stain is used for
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Detection of glycogen in the liver or muscle and fungi stain PAS positive
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Trichrome
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Collagen staining (i.e liver cirrhosis)
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