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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Hyperplasia
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Increase in number of cells. Can be physiological eg hormonally influenced OR pathological eg. growth factors on target cells
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Define Hypertrophy
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Increase in size of cells resulting in increase in size of the organ.
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What are the two types of hyperplasia?
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Diffuse and Nodular (eg Spleen & Liver in old dogs)
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Which cells are mainly affected by hypertrophy?
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Muscle Cells
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What is Metaplasia?
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One type of adult cell is replace by another type.
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Give an example of metaplasia?
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Chronic irritation resulting in squamous metaplasia
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What can metaplasia precurse?
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Neoplasia
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Is metaplasia reversible?
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Yes, usually if the cause is removed.
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Define Dysplasia
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Alteration in size, shape or organisation of a tissue
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Define atrophy
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Cell shrinkage due to loss of cell substance.
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What may cause atrophy?
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Deinnervation, inadequate nutrition, reduced blood supply
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What accumulated during fatty change?
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intracytoplasmic lipid
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What accumulates during lipidosis?
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fat in cells. Usually hepatocytes
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How does the liver tissue appear when fatty change has occured?
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Pale
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What is hydropic degeneration?
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Cellular swelling
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What kind of stain would check for fatty change?
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Oil Red O
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What mechanism to cells switch to following hypoxia?
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Anaerobic Metabolism
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Which cells are the most susceptible to hypoxic damage?
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Neurons (as cannot switch to anaerobic metabolism)
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Under what conditions can cell swelling progress to cell death?
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If the noxious stimulus is not removed
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What is the key morphological characteristic of cell swelling?
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Vacuolated cytoplasm
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What does 'onco' mean?
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Swelling
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