Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
in formation of ductal systems, which epithelial cells die?
|
ones that don't touch BM
|
|
|
Itssues with high rates of proliferation have...
|
high rates of cell death
|
|
|
can cytotoxic agents, hyperthermia, ischemia, radiation be involved in apoptosis or necrosis?
|
in necrosis at high levels; in apoptosis at low levels
|
|
|
what is pattern of DNA in gels post apoptosis? necrosis
|
no pattern for necrosis; 180 bp latter pattern in apoptosis
|
|
|
what does bcl-2 do?
|
anti-apoptotic
binds Bax which otherwise allows escape of cytochrome C which activates caspases |
|
|
what does p53 do?
|
tumor suppressor induced by DNA damage by upping proteins like WAF/Cip-1
|
|
|
WAF?
|
upregulated by p53 to block cell cycle progression (along with Cip-1)
|
|
|
Cip-1?
|
upregulated by p53 to block cell cycle progression (along with WAF)
|
|
|
Fas?
|
TM protein that, when bound by FAS ligand, activates caspases
|
|
|
Caspases?
|
Cystein proteases that are activated by other proteases
|
|
|
IAPs
|
inhibitors of apoptosis that act by regulating caspase activity
|
|
|
What regulates culling of neurons
|
competition for target-drived trophic factors
|
|
|
How long does it take for a whole new version of us to take shape
|
1 year, except for neurons
|
|
|
what's happening with cell death in actue and chronic renal failure
|
disregulated cell death
|
|
|
how do viruses affect cell death
|
secrete proteins that shut down the cell death machinery
|
|
|
how many caspases are there in mammals? humans? what is caspase #13?
|
13 (numbered 1-14, but no 13) in mammals; 11 in humans
|
|
|
what's the difference between long and short caspases
|
longs are initiators; shorts are executioners
|
|
|
what kind of proteins are caspases
|
serine proteases
|
|
|
how do caspases cleave
|
after asp
|
|
|
do caspases cause apoptosis or necrosis
|
apoptoses
|
|
|
what is blebbing?
|
i don't know!
|
|
|
how can you prove that a cell was dying?
|
detecting caspases
|
|
|
how can caspases be inhibited?
|
Caspase inhibitors, including:
- viral inhibitors (CRMA, p35) - zDEVD-FMK - IAPs - molecular inhibitors: antisense, siRNA |
|
|
what are IAPs
|
Caspase inhibitors
|
|
|
what caspase is necessary in mouse forebrain development
|
caspase 9
|
|
|
What's the relationship between Caspase and CAD
|
Caspase, if activated, will cause ICAD to cleave from CAD so that CAD can cause apoptosis and the 180bp fragment
|
|
|
Which pathway is for suicide; which is for murder... intrinsic or extrinsic?
|
Intrinsic is suicide; extrinsic is murder
|
|
|
which caspases are initiators
|
8,9,10
|
|
|
which caspases are executioners
|
3,6,7
|
|
|
What's the key event of the extrinsic pathway
|
Fas ligand binding to Fas receptor
|
|
|
Caspase failure associated with Breast cancer
|
3. Also too little BAX
|
|
|
Caspase failure associated with colon cancer
|
7. Also too little BAX
|
|
|
Cause of apoptosis failure in melanoma
|
loss of APAF 1
|
|
|
Apoptosis issue in neuroblastoma
|
An increased IAP (survivin)
|
|
|
Apoptosis issue in lung cancer
|
cIAP1/2
|
|
|
Apoptosis issue in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
|
cIAP1
|
|
|
Apoptosis issue in ovarian cancer
|
xIAP
|
|
|
Effect of cIAP1 on chemotherapy
|
Increased resistance to tx
|
|
|
Cancers/diseases with increased expression of BCL2
|
ALL
AML CLL Multiple myeloma Prostate cancer neuroblastoma |
|
|
Pro-survival factors
|
IAP
FLIP BCL2 AKT/PKB BH3 SURVIVIN |
