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125 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what population is most affected by atopic dermatitis?
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children, majority below 5yo
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what will manifest as pruritic, erythematous ooxing rash with vesicles and edema? (2)
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eczema
contact dermatitis |
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what is atopic dermatitis also known as?
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eczema
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what will manifest as a well circumscribed, salmon colored plaque with silver scale?
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psoriasis
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what is usually found on extensor surfaces and scalp?
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psoriasis
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what causes psoriasis? (3)
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possible autoimmune etiology
associated with HLA-C lesions often arise in trauma |
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what will present hitologically as hyperplasia with excess keratinocytes?
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psoriasis
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what will present histologically as retnetion of nuclei in the stratum corneum?
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psoriasis
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what will present histologically as elongation of the dermal papillae?
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psoriasis
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what will present with thin epidermis that causes pinpoint bleeding when pulled away?
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psoriasis
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what will present as pruritic, planar, polygonal, purple papules?
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lichen planus
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what often presents with reticular white lines on the surface?
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lichen planus
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what is wickham striae?
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characterisitic reticular white lines on the surface of psoriasis
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what is usually found on wrists, elbows, and oral mucosa?
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lichen planus
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what will present histologically as inflammation at the dermal-epidermal junction creating a saw-tooth appearance?
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lichen planus
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what is caused by a type IV HSR to bacteria growing on demodex mites or infection from H pylori?
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acne rosacea
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what is caused by a combination of chronic inflammation with repair fibrosis and sebaceous hyperplasia?
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acne rosacea
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what presents as transient erythmea of the nose and cheeks with vascualr telangiectasis and inflammatory changes with papules?
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acne rosacea
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what is found with increased incidence of eyelid styes, recurrent keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, and chronic blepharitis?
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acne rosacea
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what is characterized by an increase in sebaceous glands and an increase in collagen?
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acne rosacea
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what is caused by an IgG antibody against desmoglein?
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pemphigus vulgaris
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in which blistering disease will basal cells and epidermis remain intact but separate from each other?
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pemphigus vulgaris
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what is the hallmark of pemphigus vulgaris?
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involvement of the oral mucosa
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when immunoflourescence highlights IgG surrounding keratinocytes, what does it indicate?
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pemphigus vulgaris
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pemphigus vulgaris is the autoimmune destruction of ...?
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desmosomes
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bullous pemphigoid is the autoimmune destruction of...?
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hemidesmosomes
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what is caused by an IgG antibody against the basement membrane?
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bullous pemphigous
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what is characterized as subepithelial blisters with tense bullae?
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bullous pemphigous
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what is the hallmark of bullous pemphigous?
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oral mucosa is spared
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what has a strong association with celiac disease?
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dermatitis herpetiformis
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what presents as pruritic vesicles and tiny bullae that are grouped?
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dermatitis herpetiformis
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what is caused by IgA deposition at the tips of dermal papillae?
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dermatitis herpetiformis
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what is an HSR with targetoid rash and bullae?
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erythema multiforme
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what is steven-johnson-syndrome?
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erythema multiformae with oral mucosa involvement and fever
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what is a severe form of steven-johnson-syndrome?
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toxic epidermal necrolysis
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what is a common benign squamous proliferation in the elderly?
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suborrheic keratosis
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in erythema multiforme, is lesions have a white center, what does it represent?
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necrosis
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what is caused by a severe drug reaction and manifested as diffuse sloughing of skin?
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toxic epidermal necrolysis
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what epithelial tumor is characterized by a plaque with a stuck on appearance on the extremities and face?
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suborrheic keratosis
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what is leser-trelat sign?
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sudden onset of multiple suborrheic keratosis
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what does leser-trelat sign suggest?
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underlying carcinoma of the GI tract
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what is characterized by epidermal hyperplasia with darkening of the skin?
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acanthosis nigricans
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what is an epithelial hyperplasia commonly found on the groin or axilla?
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acanthosis nigricans
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what is an epithelial hyperplasia that is associated with insulin resitstance or malignancy?
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acanthosis nigricans
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what is a malignant proliferation of basal cells in the epidermis?
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basal cell carcinoma
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exposure to UVB, albinism, and xeroderma pigmentosum are risk factors for
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basal cell carcinoma
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what manifests as an elevated nodule with central area of ulceration surrounded by telactasis?
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basal cell carcinoma
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where does basal cell carcinoma ususally manifest?
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upper lip
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what is manifested histologically as large nodules of basal cells characterized by peripheral palisides?
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basal cell carcinoma
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exposure to UVB, albinism, xerodema pigmentosum, immunosuppresive therapy, arsenic poisoning, and chronic inflammation are risk factors for
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squamous cell carcinoma
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what manifests as an ulcerated, nodular mass?
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squamous cell carcinoma
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where is squamous cell carcinoma usually found?
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lower lip
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what presents as a hyperkeratotic, scaly plaque
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actinic keratosis
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where is actinic keratosis usually found?
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face, back, or neck
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what is keratoacanthoma?
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well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma
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what is the clinical course for keratoacanthoma
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develops rapidly and regresses spontaneously
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what presents as a cup-shaped tumor filled with keratin debris?
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keratoacanthoma
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who is more likely to get a blue nevus?
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females
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what manifests histologically as a neoplastic proliferation of poorly melanized spindled melanocytes and deep melanozytes with thickened collagen bundles?
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blue nevus
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what epithelial tumor is located in the deep dermis and has absent mitosis
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blue nevus
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what is usually found on head, neck, and upper extremities
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blue nevus
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what manifests as a single, <10mm subcutaneous lesion with blue-black or black grey color?
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blue nevus
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what is the clinical course for blue nevus?
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remains persistent throughout life
malignant transformation does not occur |
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what disease is due to autoimmune destruction of melanocytes?
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vitiligo
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how can you tell if a white person has vitiligo?
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if they fail to tan certain areas of skin they have it
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what disease is due to a congential loss of melanocytes?
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albinism
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what is a freckle due to?
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increased melanosomes, not melanocytes
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what is a mask like hyperpigmentation of the cheeks?
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melisma
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what is melisma associated with? (2)
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pregnancy
oral contraceptives |
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what is a nevus?
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mole
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what is a benign neoplasm of melanocytes?
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nevus
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what is the most common mole in children?
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junctional nevus
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what is the most common mole in adults?
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intradermal nevus
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what nevus extends into the dermis?
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compound nevus
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is dysplasia arises, a _______ may become a precursor to melanoma
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mole
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what is the most common neoplasm of melanocytes?
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melanoma
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what is the most common cause of death from skin cancer?
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melanoma
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what are the two growth phases of melanoma?
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radial growth along the epidermis and superficial dermis
vertical growth into the deep dermis |
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when is the risk for metastasis the lowest in melanoma?
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during radial growth
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what two types of melanoma have the best prognosis?
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lentigo malignant melanoma
superficial spreading melanoma |
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what is the nodular phase of melanoma?
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early vertical phase
creates a bump on the skin poor prognosis |
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what is acral lentiginous?
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when melanoma arises on the palms or soles, often in dark skinned individuals
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what is NOT a risk factor of acral lentiginous?
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UV light exposure
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how are toxic epidermal necrolysis and SSSS differentiated?
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level of skin separation
TEN = dermal-epidermal junction SSSS = stratum granulosum |
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what toxins are responsible for the epidermolysis of the stratum granulosum?
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exfoliative A and B toxins
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what is characterized by sloughing off of the stratum granulosum?
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staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
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what is chacterized by firm, umbilicated papules due to pox virus?
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molluscum contagiosum
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what disease often arises in children, sexually active adults, and immunocompromised?
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molluscum contagiosum
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what is the hallmark of molluscum contagiosium?
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molluscum bodies with the affected keratinocytes
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who is most at risk for cutaneous t-cell lymphoma?
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black males and older adult males
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what is characterized by a neoplastic expansion of a clone of CD4+ post-thymic memory T cells that also manifest the cutaneous T cell antigen?
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cutaneous t cell lymphoma
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what is the pathophysiology of cutaneous t cell lymphoma
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malignant t cells are dermatotrophic and infiltrate the dermis and epidermis and can re-enter the circulation
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what is characterized histologically by colonal proliferation of fibroblasts admixed with collagen and a foamy cytoplasm?
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dermatofibroma
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what disease affects females more with a history of preceeding traumatic injury?
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dermatofibroma
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what is characterized by mildly painful or pruritic lesions on the lower legs or upper arms?
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dermatofibroma
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what is characterized by a positive dimple sign?
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dermatofibroma
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what lesions are flat or dome shaped, firm, and faintly pigmented?
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dermatofibroma
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what is the clincal course of dermatofibroma?
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chronic and persistent
minority recur after excision |
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what other disorders does dermatofibroma present like? (3)
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malignant fibrous histiocytoma
fibrosarcoma leimyosarcoma |
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what is a common cutaneous autoimmune dermatopathy that occurs more in females and blacks?
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discoid lupis erythematosus
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what is characterized by erythematous plaques flattened by atrophic scarring, usually in sun exposed areas?
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discoid lupus erythematosus
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what results when uv creates a heat shock protein within keratinocytes that acts as an antigen target for T cell mediated epidermal cytotoxicity?
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discoid lupus erythematosus
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what is characterized histologically as hyperkeratosis and epidermal atrophy?
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discoid lupus erythematosus
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what will manifest with elevated ESR, mild leukopenia, and follicular plugging?
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discoid lupus erythematosus
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what is the clincal course of discoid lupus erythematosus?
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commonly resolves over weeks with scarring and alopecia
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what does chronic sun exposure, basal cell nevus syndrome, and cutaneous HPV infection predispose to?
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epidermal inclusion cyst
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what two events can cause epidermal inclusion cyst?
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benign neoplastic proliferation of the hair follicle infundibulum
or traumatic injury resulting in epidermal cells pushed beneath the epidermis |
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what is often found on the face, scalp, neck, and trunk?
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epidermal inclusion cyst
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what is characterized a having a surface opening and fistulous tract allowing discharge of somewhat foul smelling cheesy material to the surface?
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epidermal inclusion cyst
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what is characterized as being a round, circumscribed, rubbery subcutaneous nodule less than 2cm in diameter that is freely moveable?
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epidermal inclusion cyst
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what is characterized by an increased incidence of bacterial cellulitis, basal, and squamous cell carcinoma?
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epidermal inclusion cyst
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what does strep or TB in children predispose to?
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erythema nodosum
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what does AI, sarcoidosis, or strep in adults predispose to?
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erythema nodosum
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what is characterisized by lymphadenopathy and arthralgias
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erythema nodosum
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what is usually found on extensor surfaces of lower legs?
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erythema nodosum
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what is the clincal course of erythema nodosum?
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almost all resolve spontaneously
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what will be found in places of close and prolonged personal contact, such as day care centers and group homes?
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scabies
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what is characterized by a gell-coombs type IV HSR?
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scabies
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what is characterized by intense pruritis, especially at night?
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scabies
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what is usually found on the wrist, sides on fingers, and feet?
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scabies
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what is characterized by linerar erythematous lesions with inflammatory papules?
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scabies
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what can scabies be confused with? (3)
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atopic dermatitis
impetigo lichen planus |
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what is the clincal course of scabies?
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usually self limiting to weeks or months but can be chronic in immunodeficient patients
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what generally takes 10-14 days to incubate?
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fungal infections
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what is diagnosed through skin scrapings?
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fungal infections
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