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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psoriasis
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Chronic, relapsing, proliferating skin disorder
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Pityriasis Rosea
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Self-limiting inflammatory disorder of unknown origin
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Lichen Planus
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Autoimmune idiopathic inflammatory disorder of skin and mucus membranes
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Acne Vulgaris
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Site of lesion is sebaceous (pilosebaceous) follicles primarily on face and trunk
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Pruritis
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Itching - can be localized or generalized
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Furuncles
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Boils - Infected hair follicle
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Folliculitis
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Infection of hair follicles
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Acute Necrotizing Fasciitis
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Flesh-eating disease - virulent strain of gram-positive, group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus
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Herpes Simplex
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Cold sores
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Hematoma
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A localized collection of blood, usually the result of a break in a blood vessel
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Ichthyosis
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Skin disorder characterized by scaling
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Leukoderma
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Depigmentation of skin
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Lipoma
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Fatty tumor
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Melanoma
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Tumor of epidermis, malignant and black in color
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Seborrhea
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Excess Sebum secretion
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Steatoma
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Fat mass in sebaceous gland
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Xanthoma
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Tumor composed of cells containing lipid material, yellow in color
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Albinism
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Lack of color pigment
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Alopecia
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Condition in which hair falls out
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Anhidrosis
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Deficiency of sweat
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Avulsion
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Ripping or tearing away of part either surgically or accidentally
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Causalgia
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Burning pain
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Epidermolysis
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Loosening of the epidermis
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Epidermomycosis
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Superficial fungal infection
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Erythema
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Redness of skin
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Fissure
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Cleft or groove
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Furuncle
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Nodule in the skin caused by Staphylococci entering through hair follicle
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Leukoplakia
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White patch on mucous membrane
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Fx open
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broken bone penetrates skin
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Fx compound
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broken bone penetrates skin
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Fx complete
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bone is broken all the way through
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Fx closed
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broken bone does not penetrate skin
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Fx simple
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broken bone does not penetrate skin
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Fx Incomplete
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bone is not broken all the way through
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Nonunion
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failure of bone ends to grow together
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Malunion
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Incorrect alignment of bone ends
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Delayed union
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delay of bone union 8 or 9 months
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Osteomyelitis
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bone infection
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Osteoporosis
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Decreased bone mass and density
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Osteomalacia
Rickets |
Softened adult bones - Rickets is softened growning bones in children
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Osteitis Deformans
Paget's Disease |
Abnormal bone remodeling and resorption
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Lordosis
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Inward curvature of spine.
Swayback |
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Kyphosis
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Outward curvature of spine.
Humpback |
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Scoliosis
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Lateral curvature of spine.
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Spina Bifida
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Congenital: vertebrae do not close correctly around spinal cord
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Bursitis
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Inflammation of the bursa (joint sac)
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Arthritis
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Inflammation of the joints
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Osteoarthritis
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Degenerative or wear/tear arthritis
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Inflammatory connective tissue in joints - progressive, autoimmune
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Septic Arthritis
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Infection process - usually affects single joint
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Gout
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Inflammatory arthritis - caused by excessive uric acid forming crystals
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Ankylosing Spondylitis
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Inflammatory progressive disease affecting vetebral joints
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Muscular Dystrophy
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Progressive muscular muscle disorder
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Polymyositis
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general muscle inflammation causing weakness
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Osteoma
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Bone Tumor: benign abnormal outgrowth of bone
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Chondroblastoma
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Bone Tumor: rare, usually benign
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Osteosarcoma
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Bone Tumor: malignant tumor of long bones
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Multiple myeloma
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Malignant plasma cells in skeletal system and soft tissue
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Chondrosarcoma
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Malignant cartilage tumor
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Rhabdomyosarcoma
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Malignant: aggtressive, invasive with with widespread metastasis
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Dyspnea
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difficult breathing (sense of air hunger)
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Hypoventilation
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Decreased alveolar ventilation
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Hyperventilation
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Increased alveolar ventilation
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Hemoptysis
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bloody sputum
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Hypoxia
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Reduced oxygenation of tissue cells
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Tachypnea
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Rapid breathing
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Apnea
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Lack of breathing
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Orthopnea
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Requiring sitting upright to facilitate breathing
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Hypercapnia
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Increased carbon dioxide in arterial blood
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hypoxemia
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Reduced oxygenation of arterial blood
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Acute Respiratory Failure
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Inadequate gas exchange
Hypoxemia |
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Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
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Acute injury to alveolocapillary membrane; results in edema and atelectasis
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Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS)
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Acute injury to alveolocapillary membrane; results in edema and atelectasis
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Pulmonary Edema
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Accumulation of fluid in lung tissue.
Most common cause: left ventricular failure |
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Atelectasis
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Collapse of lung
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Absorption Atelectasis
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Caused by absence of air in alveoli: cused by anesthetic agents or concentrated oxygen
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Bronchiectasis
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Chronic, irreverisble dilation of bronchi
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Respiratory Acidosis
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Decreaed level of pH
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Bronchiolitis
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Inflammation and obstruction of bronchioles
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Pneumothorax
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Air collected in pleural cavity.
Leads to lung collapse |
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Pneumoconiosis
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Dust particles in the lung
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Hemothorax
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Pleural effusion: hemorrhage into pleural cavity
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Empyema
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Pleural effusion: infection materials in pleural space
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Pulmondary embolism
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Air, tissue, or clot occlusion; lodges in pumonary artery or branch of artery
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Cor Pulmonale
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Hypertrophy or failure of right ventricle
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Acute Cor Pulmonale
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Hypertrophy or failure of right ventricle secondary to pumonary embolus
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Chronic Cor Pulmonale
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Hypertrophy or failure of right ventricle secondary to obstructive lung disease
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Pleurisy
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Inflammation of the pleura
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Upper Respiratory Infection
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Acute inflammatory process of mucous membranes in trachea and above
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Tuberculosis
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Communicable lung disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
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Irreversible airway obstruction tht discreases expiration
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Aneurysm
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Dilation of an arterial blood vessel wall or cardiac chamber
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Thrombus
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Blood clot that remains attached to vessel wall and occludes the vessel
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Thromboembolus
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Blood clot that detaches from vessel wall and travels through the vessel
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Metrorrhagia
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Abnormal menstruation: bleeding between cycles
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Menorrhagia
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Abnormal menstruation: increase in the amount and duration of flow
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Hypomenorrhagia
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Abnormal menstruation: light or spotty flow
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Menometrorraghia
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Abnormal menstruation: irregular cycle with varying amounts and duration of flow
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Menorrhea
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Abnormal menstruation: lengthy menstrual flow
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Endometriosis
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Endometrial tissue (uterine lining) develops outside the uterus
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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
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Infection of the reproductive tract
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Chlamydia
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Most common sexually transmitted disease
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Trichomoniasis
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Cause: protozoa, Trichomonas vaginalis
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Placenta previa
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Opening of the cervix is obstructed by displaced placenta
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Abruptio placentae
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permature separation of placenta from uterine wall
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Eclampsia
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Pregnancy condition characterized by: hypertention, edema, proteinuria
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Ectopic pregnancy
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Implantation of fertilized ovum outside the uterus
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Hydatidiform mole
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Benign tumor of placenta - secretes CGH (chorionic gonadotropic hormone
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Spontaneous abortion
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miscarriage; natural occurance, uterus completely empties
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Incomplete abortion
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uterus does not completely empty - requires intervention to remove remaining fetal material
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Missed abortion
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Fetus dies naturally- requires intervention to remove fetal material
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Septic abortion
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Similar to missed - added complication of infection
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Orchitis
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inflammation of testis
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Epididymitis
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Inflammation of epididymis
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Hydrocele
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collection of fluid in membraines of tunica vaginalis
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Varicocele
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Abnormal dilation of the plexus of veins in the spermatic cord leading to the scrotum
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Episapdias
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congenital - urethra meatus located on dorsal side of penis
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urethritis
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Inflammation of urethra
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Balanitis
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Inflammation of the glans
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Phimosis
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foreskin is constricted - cannot be retracted over glans penis
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Pharaphimosis
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foreskin is constricted - retracted over glans penis and cannot be moved forward
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Peryronie disease
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bent nail syndrome - lateral curvature of penis during erection
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Acute pyelonephritis
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infection of the renal pelvis and medullary tissue - one or both kidneys
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Chronic pyelonephritis
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recurrent infection causing scarring of kidneys
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Glomerulonephritis
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Inflammation of glomerulus
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Nephrotic syndrome
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disease of kidneys that includes damage to the membrane of the glomerulus
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Hydronephrosis
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distention of kidney with urine (due to obstruction)
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Nephrosclerosis
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excessive hardening and thickening of vascular structure of kidney
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Polycystic kidney
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numerus kidney cysts
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Wilms' Tumor
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Nephroblastoma - kidney - most common tumor in children
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Celiac disease
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Villi atrophy in response to gluten losing ability to absorb
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Peritonitis
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Inflammation of the peritoneum
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Ulcerative colitis
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Inflammation of rectum that progresses to sigmoid colon
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Cholecystitis
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Inflammation of gallbladder and cystic duct
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Cholangitis
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Inflammation of bile duct
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Pernicious anemia
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Megaloblastic anemia
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Granulocytosis
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Increase in granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils)
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Eosinophilia
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Increase in number of eosinophils
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Monocytosis
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Increase in number of monocytes
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Leukocytosis
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Increase in number of leukocytes
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Leukocytopenia
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Decrease in number of leukocytes
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Lymphadenopathy
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Any abnormality of lymph node; enlargement of lymph node
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Lymphagitis
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Inflammation of lymphatic vessel
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Lymphadenitis
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Inflammation of lymph node
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Strabismus
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cross-eyed
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Nystagmus
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Rapid, involuntary eye movements
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