Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the three clinically important vibrio species and what do they cause?
|
vibrio cholerae causes cholera, vibrio parahaemolyticus causes gastroenteritis, vibrio vulnificus causes wound infections and septicemia.
|
|
|
Describe vibrio cholerae.
|
Curved gram negatie bacillus, catalase and oxidase positive, motile by polar flagella, and two chromosomes.
|
|
|
What is used for serotyping in the vibrio cholerae?
|
The o chain.
|
|
|
How many serotypes does the vibrio cholerae have?
|
over 140. O1 and O139 are the only pathogenic types.
|
|
|
What are the two virulence factors of vibrio cholerae?
|
Toxin Coregulated Pilus (colonization) and cholera toxin (present on a lysogenic bacteriophage and causes severe diarrhea)
|
|
|
Where does vibrio cholerae exist?
|
waterborne-present in marine waters, especially in the warmer months and can colonize on larger organisms such as algae and plankton.
|
|
|
Describe the transmission of vibrio cholerae.
|
problem in countries with poor sanitation. Therefore, transmission is associated with contaminated food and water.
|
|
|
What is the importance of John Snow?
|
Drew a map of cholera cases, found they were located around water pumps, took the handle off the pumps and the epidemic stopped.
|
|
|
What are characteristics of the disease cholera?
|
profuse watery diarrhea, rapid dehydration, high mortality rate.
|
|
|
How do you treat cholera?
|
1st: electrolyte replacement
2nd: Antibiotic therapy. Adults: tetracycline Children: sulfonamides/trimethoprim |
|
|
How do you prevent cholera?
|
Clean water and proper sanitation, no vaccine available.
|
|
|
Describe the structure of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus.
|
The same as V. cholerae except V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus are haelophiles. Also, V. vulficus produces a capsule.
|
|
|
What is the key virulence factor of V. parahaemolyticus?
|
Thermostable Direct Hemolysin (TDH)
|
|
|
What is the key virulence factor of V. vulnificus?
|
capsule
|
|
|
Where are V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus located?
|
They are marine organisms and associated with the ingestion of seafood and exposure to contaminated water.
|
|
|
What is the disease associated with V. parahaemolyticus?
|
Gastroenteritis
|
|
|
What are the symptoms of Gastroenteritis?
|
Explosive diarrhea, although the disease usually resolves itself no complications.
|
|
|
What disease is associated with V. vulnificus?
|
Septicemia and wound infections.
|
|
|
How do you treat V. parahaemolyticus?
|
No treatment necessary, resolves itself.
|
|
|
How do you treat V. vulnificus?
|
Prompt treatment necessary, Tetracyclines and quinolones.
|
