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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which bacteria causes acne?
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Proprionbacterium acnes. Proprionic acid is produced through glucose fermentation... lipases are produced which lead to an inflammatory response.
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Name three types of normal flora:
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1) Diphtheroids (large # equals proprionibacterium acnes)
2)Corynebacterium xerosis 3) gram + cocci (staph, alpha strep, and micrococcus). |
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Name 4 infections caused by staph aureus:
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1)folliculitis
2)extension of folliculitis (furuncles aka boils, and carbuncles). 3)impetigo (communicable blisters--> replaced by crusts) 4)Scalded Skin Syndrome aka Ritter's Disease (epidermis detachment--> redness and wrinkling --> blister with fluid. |
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Name 3 infections caused by step pyogenes:
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1)erysipelas (superficial skin infection. symp: chills, fever,etc)
2) Pyoderma (associated with poor hygiene. skin infection in small children) 3)Scarlet fever (upper resp tract infection. rash. bacteriophage produce toxin. diagnosed by shultz carlton blanching test. glomerulonephritis is a post strep possibility.) |
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Name the symptoms associated with a Bacillus anthracis infection (anthrax):
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raised itchy bump--> ~1-2 days becomes a vesicle--> ulcer w/ necrotic area in the center. (cutaneous)
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Another name for leprosy (caused by mycobacterium leprae) is?
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Hansen's Disease
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How is Leprosy diagnosed?
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Acid fast bacilli, can be grown in mice and armadillos as well.
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What are 2 clinical types of leprosy?
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1) epromatous- most infectious. No Cell mediated immunity.
2) Tuberculoid- non-progressive, positive skin test, weak antibody response. treatment: Dapsone and Rifampin. |
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Trace the pathology behind wound infections:
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organism-->tissue--> wound abscess (pus, WBC, organisms, fluid) = inflammation.
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What are the most common wound causing agents?
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Aerobes: Staph aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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What normal flora exist in the urethra?
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Alpha strep, Group D strep, becterroides, Neisseria, Mycobacterium.
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What normal flora exist in the genital tract?
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Lactobacilli
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What is pyelonephritis?
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An ascending uti which reaches the kidneys. Pye looks like pee. THINK: Know it is associated with a uti.
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What organisms cause most urinary tract infections?
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Normal Flora. E. coli (80%), Proteus, Klebsiella, Group D strep.
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What organism causes puereperal fever? How is it transmitted?
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Strep pyogenes. Direct contact at childbirth with contaminated instruments or hands. THINK: puereperal, placenta (childbirth) and pyogenes all start with "p"
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What is another name for Strep agalactiae? What characerizes this disease?
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Group B strep. bacterimia and meningitis. THINK: algae is bluish in color (hence group B).
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What organism causes toxic shock syndrome?
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Staph aureus. THINK: As a woman, toxic syndrome affects "us".
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Gonorrhea is caused by what organism?
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Neisseria Gonorrhea
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Syphilis is caused by what organism? How is it cultured?
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Treponema pallidum. animal passage (rabbits).
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What are the two types of syphilis?
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Acquired and congenital
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With aquired syphilis, what are the 3 forms of disease?
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Primary (chancres form = painless ulcers that dissapper in 4-6 weeks). Secondary (red rash, sore throat, lesions on skin and mucous membranes). Tertiary (ulcerative lesions on skin, bones, and internal organs. loss of motor control, paralysis, insanity, death).
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What is congenital syphilis?
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Mother transmits organism to fetus resulting in miscarriage, CNS, mis-shaped or misplaced teeth.
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How is syphilis diagnosed?
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Non-treponemal Ab tests (VDRL screeing test with cardiolipid antigen. Kolmer CF- cardiolipid antigen.) Treponemal Ab tests (T. pallidum antigen is used. Fluorescent treponemal ab test. T pallidum immobilization test. CF)
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What organism causes chancroid? How is characterized?
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Hemophilus ducreyi. painful ulcers differ from syphilis. bubo=swollen lymph nodes.
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What are the three routes in which an organism may reach the CNS?
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Blood, nerves, and direct extension.
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