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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four ways tumors of bone can be classified?
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biological behavior
histogenic site of origin location in bone |
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What does biological tell you about a bone tumor?
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differentiation
pleomorphism mitotic index rate of growth course of growth *basically tells you whether it's benign or malignant |
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What is histogenic classification of a bone tumor?
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based on tissue of origin (eg: bone, cartilage, vascular, nervous, hematopoietic, adipose)
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What are most bone tumors?
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sarcomas (mesenchymal origin)
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Are central or peripheral bone tumors more common?
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central (medullary) are 98% of bone tumors
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Are benign or malignant bone tumors more common in small animals?
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malignant are much more common (98%)
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What are osteochondromas?
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cartilage capped exocytoses on the surface of endochondral bones
*not actually a tumor, but a developmental abnormality CAN undergo malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma or osteosarcoma |
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What is an osteoma?
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a slow growing benign tumor of bone lining cells
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Where are osteomas generally found?
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bones of the cranium, face, skull, mandible
*may be on inner or outer surface |
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What complications can occur with osteomas?
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compression of vital structures (eg: brain, sinuses)
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What are chondromas?
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tumors of hyaline cartilage
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Where are chondromas generally seen?
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cartilage nodules of mixed mammary tumors
may be in nasal cavity, rib cage or sternum |
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What are the features of malignant primary bone tumors?
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usually fatal due to aggressive behavior and metastasis
usually single lesion no clear line of demarcation between normal and diseased bone "hair on end" appearance |
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What is an osteosarcoma?
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most common malignant bone tumor
mostly in large/giant breeds usually in appendicular skeleton death may occur within 6 months, even with amputation |
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What is a chondrosarcoma?
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~10% of malignant bone tumors
mostly in large breeds usually in the flat bones (nasal cavity, rib cage, pelvis) slower growing than osteosarcoma |
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What are secondary bone tumors?
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result of metastasis or invasion
may cause hypertrophic osteopathy |
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What is a synovial sarcoma?
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malignant tumor of the synovium of the joint capsule, tendon sheath or similar structure
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What are the features of a synovial sarcoma?
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multifocal bone destruction on the ends of bones on either side of the joint
slow growing or rapid |
