Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
A distruption of bone caused by mechanical forces applied either directly to the bone or transmitted along the shaft of the bone.
|
Fractures
|
|
|
*Radiolucent line crossing the bone & interrupting cortical margins.
*Radiopaque line or area due to overlapping bone fragments. |
Radiographic Manifestations
|
|
|
What are secondary signs of fractures?
|
Join Effusion
soft tissue swelling interruption of normal pattern of bony trabeculae |
|
|
The presence or absence of pain or the ability to move the part are signs of an underlying fracture.
|
False
|
|
|
An extent of fracture that results in the discontinuity b/t 2 or more fragments
|
Complete Fracture
|
|
|
An extent of fracture that causes only partial discontinutity b/t fragments, leaving part of cortex in place.
|
Incomplete fracture.
|
|
|
runs at right angle to long axis; usually results from direct blow or pathology
|
transverse fracture
|
|
|
runs about 45 degrees to long axis; results from angulation force
|
oblique fracture
|
|
|
encircles shaft; caused by torsional force
|
spiral fracture
|
|
|
a position of fracture fragments that has no angulation or separation of fragments
|
undisplaced
|
|
|
a position of fracture fragments which bone fragments are seperated; described in relation of distal fragment in relation to proximal.
|
displaced
|
|
|
position of fracture fragments that indicates angular deformity b/t axes of major fragments.
|
angulation
|
|
|
number of fracture lines which describes when there are 2 or more fracture fragments
|
comminuted
|
|
|
number of fracture lines that consists of a segment of the shaft seperated by proximal and distal fracture lines.
|
segmental
|
|
|
integrity of overlying skin which describes when the skin is intact
|
closed
|
|
|
integrity of overlying skin that describes when the skin is disrupted; any type of wound over a fracture site, whether or not bone is produding.
|
open/compound.
|
|
|
a fracture that only occurs in children. the immature bone bends, but the cortex does not actually break.
|
plastic fracture
|
|
|
only occurs in children. the break in one side of the corex w/ opposite bent
|
greenstick
|
|
|
occurs only in children. the cortex folds down on itself
|
torus/buckle
|
|
|
occurs in children. has 5 diff classifications (Salter I-V) according to extent. danger of growth arrest.
|
epiphyseal
|
|
|
this fracture usually results from forces at both ends, pushing bone together. also usually occurs in spine of pos-menopausal women
|
compression
|
|
|
occurs at sites of repeated stresses, none of which alone could cause an effect.
|
stress/fatigue
|
|
|
usually occur near joints; small chip of bone breaks away when a joint is dislocated or may be the result of a tendon pulling a piece of bone away.
|
avulsion
|
|
|
occursed in diseased, weakened bones. force is usually not sufficient to cause effect in normal bone
|
pathologic
|
|
|
effects of distal radius w/ posterior angulation or displacement. very often there is an associated avulsion effects of ulnar syloid.
|
colles'
|
|
|
effects the 5th metacarpal w/ palmar (volar) angulation
|
boxer's
|
|
|
transverse effects base of 5th metatarsal
|
jones
|
|
|
effects of proximal 1/3 of ulna w/ anterior dislocation of radial head
|
monteggia
|
|
|
effects radial shaft with posterior dislocation of distal radioulnar joint
|
galeazzi
|
|
|
effects involving the malleoli; bi=medial and lateral; tri=medial, lateral, and posterior.
|
bimalleolar-trimalleolar
|
|
|
comminuted effects of atlas
|
jefferson
|
|
|
caused by acute hyperextension. effects arch of c2 (usually w/ subluxation).
|
hangmans
|
|
|
avulsion effects of spinous process of lower c or upper t vertebra
|
clay shovelers
|
|
|
caused by compressive force of seat belt. transverse of lumbar vetebra. associated w/ extensive interal injuries.
|
seat belt.
|
|
|
"slipped disc" or ruptured disc
|
herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)
|
|
|
defect in pars interacularis
|
spondylolysis
|
|
|
displacement of a spondylolysis
|
spondylolisthesis
|
