Patho - Neoplasia

Front 1

Epithelial tissue orgin:

Back 1

Ectoderm, endoderm

Front 2

CT origin

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mesoderm

Front 3

3 origins of carcinoma

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squamous, glandulor, transitional

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S-100 is a marker for

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neural crest derivatives

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sarcomas are derived from

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CT

Front 6

hamartoma definition

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non-neoplastic overgrowth of tissue

Front 7

Choristoma definition

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norm tissue where should not be

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neoplastic component of tumor

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parenchyma

Front 9

Grading of tumor depends on

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resemblence to parent tissue

Front 10

Difference b/t lymphoma and leukemia

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Leukemia = BM CA; lymphoma = LN CA

Front 11

Histo of malig tumor

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high nuc/cytoplasm ratio

Front 12

Malignant tumors telomerase activity is

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high

Front 13

Do basal cell carcinomas invade tissue?

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Yes

Front 14

Do basal cell carcinomas metastasize?

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NO

Front 15

Benign tumor that lacks fibrous capsule

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uterine leiomyoma

Front 16

What 2 tissue resist invasion?

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cartilage, elastic tissue

Front 17

what type of collagenase is important for invasion

Back 17

type IV

Front 18

cell receptors attach to which 2 proteins

Back 18

laminin (BM), fibronectin (ECM)

Front 19

First line of defence in carcinomas

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LN

Front 20

Mech of dissemination in carcinomas

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lymphatic

Front 21

mech of dissemination in sarcomas

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hematogenous

Front 22

What is seeding

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malig cells exfoliate from surface and implant/invade body cavity

Front 23

What 3 CA display this behavior?

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surface-derived ovarian (omentum), peripheral lung (pleurae), glioblastoma (CSF)

Front 24

mosdt common metastatic site in bone

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vertebrae

Front 25

osteoblastic met have which marker

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inc ALP

Front 26

osteolytic met have which marker

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inc Ca

Front 27

Difference in radiograph?

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osteoblastic = radiodense; osteolytic = radiolucent

Front 28

5 organs where mets > primary tumor

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LN, lung, liver, bone brain

Front 29

Name the primary met CA in these organs 2

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Breast mets to LN, lung, bone; Lung to LN, liver, brain

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most common CA in children

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ALL

Front 31

most common CA in men

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prostate

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most common CA in women

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Breast

Front 33

most common gyn CA in descending order 3

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endometrium > ovarian > cervical

Front 34

most common CA-death in men

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lung

Front 35

most common CA-death in women

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lung

Front 36

most common gyn CA-death 3

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ovary > endometrium > cerival

Front 37

5 auto dom CA:

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retinoblastoma, FAP, Li-Fraumenia, HNPCC, BRCA1/2

Front 38

2 auto R CA:

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Xeroderm pigmentosum, chr instability

Front 39

Which is HCC so common in SE Asia 2

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HBV, aflatoxins

Front 40

Which is stomach adenocarcinoma so common in Japan?

Back 40

smoked foods

Front 41

What unique CA occurs in China secondary to a virus?

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma from EBV

Front 42

What 2 CA are very prevalent in Africa 2o to viruses?

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Burkitt's (EBV), Kaposi's (HHV-8)

Front 43

Precusor lesion, name CA

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p 130

Front 44

3rd degree burn

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sq cell carcinoma

Front 45

actinic solar keratosis

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sq cell carcinoma

Front 46

atypical hyperplasia of breast ductal epithelium

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adenocarcinoma

Front 47

chronic irration at sinus orific

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sq cell carcinoma

Front 48

chronic ulcerative colitis

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adenocarcinoma

Front 49

colonic tubular adenoma

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adenocarcinoma

Front 50

complete hydatidorm mole

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choriocarcinoma

Front 51

dysplastic nevus

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malig melanoma

Front 52

endometrial hyperplasia

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adenocarcinoma

Front 53

esophageal glandular metaplasia

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adenocarcinoma

Front 54

gastric glandular metaplasia

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adenocarcinoma

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MDS

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acute leukemia

Front 56

rectal villous adenoma

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adenocarcinoma

Front 57

regenerative nodules in cirrhosis

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adenocarcinoma

Front 58

scarr tissue in lung

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adenocarcinoma

Front 59

sq dysplasia

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sq cell carcinoma

Front 60

vaginal adenosis

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adenocarcinoma

Front 61

Is PSA very sensitive, very specific or both?

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Sens > spec

Front 62

most common type of mutation in CA

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point mutations

Front 63

Name 6 important proto-oncogenes

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ABL, HER2, myc, ras, ret, sis

Front 64

The mutation in ABL?

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9;22 translocation

Front 65

Causes?

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CML (Philadelphia chr 22)

Front 66

Mutation in HER2?

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Amplification

Front 67

Causes?

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Breast CA (marker of aggressiveness)

Front 68

myc mutation?

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8;14 translocation

Front 69

Causes?

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Burkitt's lymphoma

Front 70

n-myc mutation?

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Amplification

Front 71

Causes?

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neuroblastoma

Front 72

ras mutation

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point mutations

Front 73

Causes? 4

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leukemia, lung, colon, pancr

Front 74

ret mutation

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point mutations

Front 75

Causes? 2

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MEN IIa/b

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sis mutation

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overexpression

Front 77

Causes? 2

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osteogenic sarcoma, astrocytoma

Front 78

Name 7 important tumor suppressor genes

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APC, BRCA, RB, TGF-b, P53, VHL, WT1

Front 79

CA assoc w/ APC?

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FAP

Front 80

CA assoc w/ BRCA1/2? 3

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breast, ovary, prostate

Front 81

CA assoc w/ RB? 3

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retinoblastoma, osteogenic sarcoma, breast carcinoma

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CA assoc w/ TGF-b? 2

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panc & CRC

Front 83

CA assoc w/ VHL?

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VHL: cerebellar hemangioblastoma, retinal angioma, b/l renal cell, b/l pheochromocytoma

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CA assoc w/ WT1?

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Wilm's tumor

Front 85

Carcinogens

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p 132

Front 86

Aflatoxin

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HCC (w/ HBV)

Front 87

EtOH

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SCC oropharynx & upper esophagus, pancr, HCC

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alkylating agents

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malig lymphoma

Front 89

arsenic 3

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SCC skin, Lung, liver angiocarcinoma

Front 90

asbestos 2

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bronchogenic carcinoma, pleural mesothelioma

Front 91

benzene 1

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acute leukemia

Front 92

chromium 1

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bronchogenic carcinoma

Front 93

beryllium 1

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bronchogenic carcinoma

Front 94

cyclophosphamide 1

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TCC of bladder

Front 95

diethylstilbestrol 2

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clear cell fo vagina/cervix

Front 96

aniline dyes 1

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TCC of bladder

Front 97

Nickel 1

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bronchogenic carcinoma

Front 98

OCP 2

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Breast, cervical

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polycyclic hydrocarbons 3

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SCC, adenocarcinoma, TCC

Front 100

PVC 1

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liver angiosarcoma

Front 101

Silica 1

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bronchogenic carcinoma

Front 102

TNM staging: rate in order of importance

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M > N > T

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what does M mean?

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Extranodal mets

Front 104

What play key role in CA cachexia?

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TNF-a

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Most common anemia in CA?

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anemia of chronic dz

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most common neoplastic syndrome

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hypercalcemia

Front 107

paraneoplastic syndromes - name assoc CA

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p 135

Front 108

2o polycythemia

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Renal cell, HCC

Front 109

acanthosis nigracans

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stomach carcinoma

Front 110

cushing's 2

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SCLC, thyroid medullary

Front 111

eaton-lambert syndrome

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SCLC

Front 112

gynecomastia

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choriocarcinoma

Front 113

hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

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bronchogenic carcinoma

Front 114

hypocalcemia

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thyroid medullary

Front 115

hypoglycemia

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HCC (w/ HBV)

Front 116

hyponatremia

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SCLC

Front 117

nephrotic syndrome 3

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lung, breast, stomach carcinoma

Front 118

nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis 2

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mucus-secreting panc, CRC

Front 119

seborrheic keratosis

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stomach carcinoma

Front 120

superficial migratory thromboplebitis

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panc carcinoma