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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thyroid Hormones Thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones:
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› Thyroxine (T4) |
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Thyroid hormones
Follicular cells of the thyroid gland produce and secrete what type of hormone?
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thyroid hormones |
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Thyroid hormones
Approximately 90% of the thyroid hormone is in the form of ________, whereas 10% is _______ |
T4
T3 |
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Thyroid hormones
Released T4 and T3 are lipid soluble and diffuse from what? |
the follicle into circulation |
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Steroid Hormones
Adrenal medulla secretes ______________ and ____________ in response to sympathetic nervous system stimulation |
epinephrine and norepinephrine |
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Steroid Hormones
Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are called steroids and include: |
› Glucocorticoids (cortisol) › Sex steroids (androgens) |
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Steroid Hormones
The outer zona glomerulosa produces the mineralocorticoid aldosterone in response to stimulation by what? |
A II |
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Steroid Hormones
The middle zona fasciculata produces the glucocorticoid, cortisol, in response to whAT? |
ACTH |
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Steroid Hormones
The inner zona reticularis is adjacent to the adrenal medulla and produces what? |
androgen, DHEA |
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Steroid Hormones
Made on demand and not stored in _____
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cells. |
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Steroid Action on Target Cells |
1. Travel in circulation bound to proteins
2. Diffuse through their target cell membranes and bind with their respective cytoplasmic receptors
3. Hormone-receptor complex rapidly translocates into the nucleus
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Steroid Action on Target Cells Glucocorticoids |
› Primary effect on glucose metabolism |
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Steroid Action on Target Cells Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
Maintain normal salt and water balance by promoting what? |
sodium retention and potassium excretion at the distal renal tubules |
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Steroid Action on Target Cells Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
Aldosterone secretion is regulated primarily by what? |
renin-angiotensin system associated with the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney |
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Hyposecretion
Primary hyposecretion occurs when an endocrine gland releases an __________ amount of hormone to meet physiologic needs |
inadequate |
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Hyposecretion
Secondary hyposecretion occurs when secretion of a ________ _____________ is inadequate to cause the target gland to secrete adequate amounts of hormone |
tropic hormone |
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Hypersecretion
› Primary hypersecretion occurs when there is a dysfunction of the __________ _________ that results in abnormally high secretion of hormone |
endocrine gland |
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Hypersecretion
Secondary hypersecretion occurs when there is an elevation in the _______ __________ of one hormone that results in an increased plasma concentration of another hormone |
tropin levels |
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Target cell hyporesponsiveness |
Typically due to lack of or a deficiency in cellular receptors |
