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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 3 mechanisms of carbon dioxide transport in the circulation?
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1.attached to hemoglobin
2.as dissolved CO2 in the plasma 3.as HCO-3 |
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what constitutes the buffer systems of the blood?
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hemoglobin, protein, phosphate, and HCO-3
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base excess indicates metabolic alkalosis. T/F
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true
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base deficit indicates metabolic acidosis. T/F
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true
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this difference between the plasma concentration of the major measured cation and the sum of the measured anions is?
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the anion gap. (the concentration of the unmeasured anions)
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what kind of conditions would increase the anion gap?
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lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis that result from elevated levels of metabolic acids.
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what conditions would you suspect a low anion gap?
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those that produce a fall in unmeasured anions, (albumin) or rise in unmeasured cations. (hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, hypermagnesemia, multiple myeloma)
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what is the main alkali in the extra cellular fluid?
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sodium bicarbonate
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disorders that produce an alteration in bicarbonate concentration and result from the addition or loss of nonvolatile acid or alkali to/from ECF.
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metabolic disorders
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a reduction in pH due to a decrease in HCO3- is called?
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metabolic acidosis
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an elevated pH due to increased HCO3- levels is called?
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metabolic alkalosis
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these disorders involve alteration in the PCO2, reflecting an increase or decrease in alveloar ventilation?
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respiratory disorders
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characterized by a decrease in pH, reflecting a decrease in ventilation and an increase in PCO2?
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respiratory acidosis
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characterized by an increase in pH, resulting from an increase in alveolar ventilation and a decrease in PCO2?
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respiratory alkalosis
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how does the body compensate in metabolic acidosis?
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since there is a decrease in pH, the body increases the respiratory rate in an effort to decrease CO2 and H2CO3 levels.
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