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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 CAUSES OF hypoxemia
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1)DECREASED BAROMERTRIC PRESSURE
2)v/q mismatch 3)SHUNT 4)DIFFUSION DEFECT 5)HYPOVENTILATION |
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in the alert patient, a v/q mismatch is caused by
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shunt
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requirements for NIV
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patient must be homedynamically stable for NIV. IF patient is hypoxemic and hypotensive, they need mechanical ventilation
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ways intubation can be verified
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1)breath sounds
2)anterior chest rise with bagging 3)CAPNOGRAPHY 4)vapor trail 5)increasing spo2 6)bronchoscopy |
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patients with CHF may have wheeze
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because of the engorgement of the vessels in the pulmonary vascular system
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a left mainstem pneumothorax will sound
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typmanic on the left, normal on the right
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a right mainstem intubation will be
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normal on the right, dull on the left
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volume assured pressure support
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breath starts out pressure supported, but changes to volume at the end of the breath, if the machine determines that significant volume will not be delivered by pressure support alone
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how volume assured pressure support determines that volume is inadequate
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by extrapolating based on flow
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prvc cycles into exhalation by ------
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TIME
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AGITATed patient on prvc
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increases their WOB and gets more delta p
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if delta p is increasing on prvc
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the patient's condition is worsening, or the patient's inspiratory effort has increased
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pressure targeted modes can be set with a constant i time or
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a constant i:e ratio
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if the i:e ratio is set
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making rate changes may mean that the patient has been saddled with an i time he cannot synchorinize with
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applying PEEP on a ventilator
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1)increases frc
2) PREVENTS or reverses alveolar collapse 3)IMPROVES gas exchange 4) moves the vt on the compliance curve 5)increases MAP |
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ventilators with floating exhalation valves
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allow for spontaneous breathing whether the patient is set in bilevel or not
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volume control in the servo I
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has a pause time set in order to reach optimal levels of MAP
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some patients in heart failure
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may benefit from the decreased venous return(E.g, decreased preload) from the vent
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hallmark of diaphragmatic paralysis is
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SOB in the supine position
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causs of neuromuscular weakness
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1)hypothyroidism
2)Electrolyte imbalance-po4 less than 1. low or high mg,ca, or k. 3)critical illness polyneuropathy 4)high c spine injury |
