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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which reflex is important in maintaining muscle tone and posture?
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Myotatic (stretch reflex)
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this reflex is stimulated by nociceptive (painful) stimulus
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withdrawal reflex
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what is the clasp-knife reaction?
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the inverse myotatic reflex: increasing resistance to passive flexion until, at some point, resistance ceases. Seen in pts with spastic paralysis
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what does the hindbrain consist of?
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Medulla oblongata
Pons Cerebellum |
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which cranial nevers exit the midbrain?
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CN III
CN IV |
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where are the cerebral peduncles (colliculi) found?
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on the midbrain
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what are the inferior colliculi involved with?
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is the principal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathway
directional turning and direction of sound sources |
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what is the function of the superior colliculi
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control conjugate eye movements when the visual environment is surveyed
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name some disorders involving the basal ganglia
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Parkinson's
Huntington's chorea cerebral palsy |
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What does the forebrain consist of?
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cerebrum
hypothalamus thalamus |
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which CN is assoc. with taste?
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Facial- anterior tongue
Glossopharyngeal- posterior |
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what part of the brain is damaged with parkinson's and huntington's?
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Basal ganglia
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Where is the posterior fossa and what does it contain?
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It's the infratentorial compartment and contains the brain stem and cerebellum
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What is the Monroe-Kellie hypothesis?
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Any increase in volume of one of the cranial constituents(brain, Blood, CSF) must be compensated by a decrease in volume of another
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What is the treament of > ICP?
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Hyperventilation
Raised head of the bed-allows venous drainage Extraventricular drain Craniotomy |
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What are the different types of herniations?
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Transtentorial
Tonsillar Subfalcine Upward central |
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What is a subfalcine herniation?
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tissue moves from one side of the supratentorial space to the other under the falx cerebri
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What is a tonsillar herniation?
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from the posterior fossa through the foramen magnum
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What is the MC CNS herniation? What does it affect?
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Transtentorial (uncal) herniation
It compresses the 3rd CN and the upper midbrain (Causes dilated pupil and unconciousness from its effects on the RAS) |
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What is the hallmark of SIADH?
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High urine sodium level (>20 mEq/L)
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