Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Short term mechanisms of BP regulation
|
Neural and hormonal mechanisms
|
|
|
Where are the neural mechanisms located
|
in the reticular formation of the pons and medulla
|
|
|
intrinsic reflexes include
|
baroreflex and chemoreceptor-mediated reflex;
baroreceptors-in wall of vessels and heart chemo-at carotid and oartic bodies |
|
|
what happens when BP falls when going from lying to standing
|
< in strecch of baroreceptors; results in >HR and sympath induced vasoconstriction that causes > in PVR
|
|
|
Enzyme release by kidney when >sympath activity or a <BP or <xtra cellular Na conc.
|
Renin
|
|
|
what does renin do
|
moves to bloodstream where it converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
|
|
|
what does angiotensin I do
|
goes to vessels in lungs where it is converted to angiotensinogen II by ACE present in endothelium
|
|
|
function of angiotensinogen II
|
vasoconstricts arterioles, produces >in PVR
stims aldosterone secretion from adrenal gland which > salt and water retention by the kidneys acts directly on renal tubules to > sodium reabsorption |
|
|
what does ADH do
|
synthesized by hypothalamus, released by the post pituitary;
regulates water reabsorption by >permeability of collecting tubules to water direct vasoconstriction of splanchnic vessels |
|
|
This area of the brain contains the vasomotor and cardiac control cnters
|
often called the cardiovascular center, it is the pons and medulla; where integration and modulation of ANS responses occur
|
|
|
function of aldosterone
|
acts at the cortical collecting tubules to > sodium reabsorption while > potassium elimination
|
|
|
what regulates long term BP
|
kidneys by regulating extracellular fluid volume
|
|
|
factors that affect BP
|
blood volume
elasticity of vessels CO PVR |
|
|
BP goal in pts with HTN, diabetes or renal disease
|
130/80
|
|
|
Initial drug Tx for stage II HTN
|
2 drug combo of thiazide and other (ACEI, ARB, BB, CCB)
|
|
|
common causes of secondary HTN
|
kidney disease
> levels of adrenalcortical hormones pheochromocytoma coarctation of aorta sleep apnea |
|
|
2 types of renovascular disease
|
atherosclerotic artery stenosis and fibromuscular sysplasia
|
|
|
what do you suspect if HTN develops in a previously normotensive person <30 and >50 y/o
|
Renal artery stenosis
|
|
|
what causes Cushing's syndrome
|
excess levels of glucocorticoids
|
|
|
function of aldosterone
|
acts on distal renal tubule to > Na absorption in exch for K elimination in urine.
That's why hyperaldosteronism causes < K levels |
|
|
what is pheochromocytoma
|
a tumor in the adrenal medulla of the chromaffin tissue;
there's a paroxysmal > in catecholamine release causing headaches, sweating and palpitations. Dx is by detection of catecholamines in urine |
|
|
What is preeclampsia-Eclampsia
|
HTN in pregnant women that develops after 20 wks gestation accompanied by proteinuria
|
