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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most Frequent cause: developmental abnormalities |
Hydrocephalus |
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Signs/Symptoms of Hydrocephalus |
-Sutures have not closed -Head enlarges/ Fontanels bulge -Scalp veins appear dilated -Eyes show "sunset sign" |
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Group of neural tube defects that are congenital anomalies of varying severity |
Spina Bifida |
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Basic problem is failure of the posterior spinous process on the vertebrae to fuse |
Spina Bifida |
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Vit A or Folic acid deficits |
Spina Bifida |
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More common in children (begin age 5) Last for 5 to 10 seconds/occurs many times per day; brief loss of awareness;Transient facial movement: twitches of the eyelids, Lip smacking; Stares into space for a moment and then resumes activity (no memory of episodes is retained) |
Absence (petit mal) Seizures |
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May occur spontaneously or after simple seizures |
Tonic-Clonic (grand mal) Seizures |
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Pattern for Tonic-Clonic (grand mal seizures) |
-Prodromal signs -Aura -Loss of consciousness -Strong tonic muscle contraction -Clonic stage -Contractions subside (consciousness slowly returns) -Person is confused and fatigued |
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Involves a progressive de-myelination of the neurons of the brain, spinal cord and cranial nerves; no cure |
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) |
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Signs MS |
Blurred vision, Scotoma (spot in the field of vision), weakness in legs, paralysis |
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Dysfunction of the extrapyramidal motor system; occurs due to progressive changes in basal nuclei (substantia nigra) where there is a reduction in dopamine secretion; fatigue, muscle weakness, change in facial expression, tremors, "pill-rolling" motion of hands, shuffling steps |
Parkinson's disease |
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A common form of dementia with a progressive loss of intellectual function, loss of memory, confusion, language skills, motor coordination and personality; specific cause is yet unknown; Cognitive function declines with behavior, mood, personality, wandering off, confusion |
Alzheimer's disease |
