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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anemias caused by impaired production of RBCs
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iron-deficiency, megaloblastic, and aplastic anemias
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Anemia caused by increased destruction of RBCs
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Hemolytic anemia
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Manisfestations of anemias
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Tissue hypoxia
Pallor weakness fatigue dyspnea angina tachycardia palpitations systolic murmur form change in blood viscosity |
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manisfestation of hemolytic anemia
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Jaundice from increased levels of bilirubin
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manifestation of aplastic anemia
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petechiae and purpura result from reduced platelet function
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neural tube defects in pregnant women may be caused by
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folic acid deficiency
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What is anemia
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abnormally low levels of RBCs or Hbg; it is not a disease but rather a manifestation of a disease process
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causes of hemolytic anemia
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sicle cell
thalassemia inherited enzyme defects(G6PD) |
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This type of anemia is characterized by a decreased Hgb synthesis
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Iron-deficiency anemia
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What determines your blood type
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the presence or absence of red cell antigens
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Define polycythemia
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hematocrit >50%
Relative -loss of plasma Absolute- increase in RBCs |
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hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs in?
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Rh+ infants of Rh- mohters;
maternal antibodies attact the Rh antigens of the baby |
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the most common hereditary bleeding disorder
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Von Willebrand Disease
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Thrombocytopenia levels
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<100,100/ml
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The final step in the blood clotting process
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involves fibrinolyis or clot disolution which prevents excess clot formation
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Induces platelet aggregation
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release of thromboxane A2 and ADP
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Plasminogen activators
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promote formation of plamin which digests the fibrin strands
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5 stages of hemostasis
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vessel spasm
formation of platelet plug coagulation/fibrin clot clot retraction clot dissolution |
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2 disorders of the hematopoeitic system
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aplastic anemia
leukemia |
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what regulates blood cell productions
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cytokines and growth factors
EPO, TPO, G-CSF, M-CSF, GM-CSF CSF-colony stim factor |
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what's included in the CBC
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count of:
RBCs WBC platelets WBC differential Hgb Hct MCV MCHC-mean corpuscular hgb concentration MCH-mean cell hemoglobin |
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MCC of iron defficiency anemia
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Occult blood loss
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What does PT measure?
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the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and Vit K
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What is the MOA of Warfarin?
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Inhibits the synthesis of Vit K-dependent clotting factors:
II, VII, IX, X (1972) |
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Which factors participate in the clotting cascade?
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Factors 8 and 10
Platelet Calcium |
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PTT is extrinsic or intrinsic?
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Intrinsic
PT is Extrinsic |
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Difference between TTP and HUS
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TTP:
Neurological symptoms Anemia Renal failure HUS: No ALOC Anemia Greater increase in BUN |
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MCC of DIC
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Obstetric complications assoc. with HELLP
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What is DIC
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Coagulation with resulting hemorrhage due to depletion of platelets and coagulation factors
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What does LDH do?
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converts lactic acid into pyruvic acid
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A deficiency in this factor can lead to a hypercoagulable state
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Factor V
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