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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the cause of secondary hypothyroidism?
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TSH deficiency (pituitary)
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what is the cause of tertiary hypothyroidism?
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TRH deficiency (hypothalamus)
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pt. is a middle-aged woman and presents with painless enlargement of the thyroid with some degree of hypothyroidism
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Hashimoto thyroiditis
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pt. had a viral infection and presents with neck pain, fever, fatigue, malaise, anorexia, myalgia, and transient hyperthyroidism (2-6 weeks)
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subacute (granulomatous) or de Quervain thyroiditis
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postpartum woman presents with hyperthyroidism
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subacute lymphocytic (painless) thyroiditis
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pt. with hypothyroidism and a fibrotic thyroid
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Riedel thyroiditis
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pt. presents with hyperthyroidism, exopthalmos, and pretibial myxedema
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Graves disease
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what causes Graves disease?
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autoantibodies to the TSH receptor (TSI), thyroglobulin, T3, and T4
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Plummer syndrome
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multinodular goiter that progresses to hyperthyroidism
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what is the major risk factor for thyroid CA?
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ionizing radiation
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what do medullary carcinomas arise from?
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parafollicular C cells
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Orphan Annie eyes (hyperchromatic empty nuclei) indicate
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papillary carcinoma
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psammoma bodies (concentric calcifications) are found in what type of thyroid CA?
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papillary carcinoma
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pt. presents with asymptomatic thyroid nodules and a mass in a cervical lymph node
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papillary carcinoma
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which type of thyroid CA has hematogenous (bones, lung, liver) metastases?
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follicular carcinoma
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polygonal to spindle-shaped cells arrayed in nests and amyloid deposits are seen in
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medullary carcinoma
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large, pleomorphic giant cells are seen in
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anaplastic carcinomas
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what is the most common cause of parathyroid hyperfunction?
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parathyroid adenoma
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painful bones, renal stones, abdominal groans, and psychic moans
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primary hyperparathyroidism
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what is secondary hyperparathyroidism?
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chronic depression in serum calcium leading to compensatory parathyroid overactivity
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what is the most common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism?
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renal failure
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DiGeorge syndrome
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congenital absence of all glands resulting in hypoparathyroidism
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pt. presents with tetany, muscle cramps, irritability, papilledema, and cardiac conduction defects (long QT)
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hypoparathyroidism
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pt. presents with short stature, round face, short neck, and short metacarpals and metatarsals
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pseudohypoparathyroidism
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