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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the sonographic appearance of the testis?
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The normal testis will have a homogenous medium-level echo texture.
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What is the tunica albuginea?
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The fibrous capsule that surrounds the testicle.
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What forms the Mediastinum Testis?
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Multiple septations arise from the tunica albuginea.
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Sonographically what does the mediastinum appear as?
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Sonographically seen as a linear band extending longitudinally within the testis.
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What is the Rete Testis.
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The tubuli recti enter the mediastinum testis forming a network of channels
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What is the epididymis composed of?
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A head. body, and tail.
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What is the sonographic appearance of the epididymis?
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Sonographically, the epididymis is normally isoechogenic, or slightly hyperechoic that the testis.
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What is the appendix testis?
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A remnant of the Mullerian duct, it is a small oviod structure located beneath the head of the epididymis.
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What is the Tunica Vaginalis?
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It is a saccular extension of the peritoneum into the scrotal chambers.
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Testicular blood flow is supplied by the what?
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The Deferential artery, Cremasteric (eternal spermatic) artery, and the Testicular artery
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What does the Spermatic Cord consist of?
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The Vas Deferens, Cremasteric, Deferential, Testicular arteries; Pampiniform plexus of veins, Lymphatics, and Nerves.
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Are the majority of extratesticular masses benign or malignant?
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Benign.
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Are the majority of intratesticular lesions malignant or benign?
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Malignant.
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Testicular neoplasms are the most common malignancy in men from ___ to ___ years of age.
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15 to 35 years old
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What is the most common testicular cancer?
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Germ cell tumor.
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What is a hydrocele?
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Serious fluid that accumulates within the tunica vaginalis or between the layers of the tunica vaginalis.
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When is a hematocele seen?
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When blood fills the scrotal chamber, associated with trauma.
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What is a varicocele?
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Dilatation of the pampiniform venous plexus of the testicular veins which drain the testicle.
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90% of the varicoceles are on what side?
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Left side.
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When should a varicocele distend?
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When the patient is standing, with Valsalva, or with abdominal compression.
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Varicoceles are the most common correctable cause of what?
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Male Infertility.
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What is the most common extratesticular tumor?
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Adenomatoid Tumor/
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Do extratesticuar tumors usually involve the epididymis?
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Yes
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What is the most common condition that causes acute scrotal pain?
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Acute Epididymis.
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What is usually the cause of acute Epididymitis?
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In men under 35 years old it is usually from sexually transmitted diseases and in men over 35 years old is usually from urinary tract infection.
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Sonographically epididymitis is associated with what?
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Enlarged hypoechoic epididymis, Hypoechoic testicle, Increased blood flow (hyperemia), Reactive Hydrocele, and Scrotal wall thickening.
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Sonographically what does Orchitis appear as?
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Orchitis is seen as an enlarged and hypoechoic testicle with increased blood flow.
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What is Cryptorchidism?
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Generally refers to an undescended testicle.
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What are some of the complications with Cryptorchidism?
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Infertility and Cancer.
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What is the most common location of the cryptorchid testis?
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The Inguinal Canal.
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What is Anorchia?
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Congenital absence of both testicles.
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