Path. Heme: Anemia

Front 1

Common problem of VitB12 and Folate deficiency?

Back 1

Suppressed synthesis of DNA and Anemia

Front 2

Contrast feature of VitB12 to Folate deficiency?

Back 2

Neurological defects persist with VitB12 deficiency

Front 3

Cobalamin use in synthesis of methylmalonate

Back 3

isomerized methylmalonyl CoA to Succinyl CoA

Front 4

Test specific for VitB12 Deficiency?

Back 4

Methylmalonic Aciduria

Front 5

Peripheral Blood of VitB12 or folate def

Back 5

Oval macrocytes, teardrop cells, nucleated red blood cells, hypersegmented neutrophils

Front 6

BM morph in VitB12 and Folate deficiency

Back 6

Acute leukemia or large cell lymphoma, dissociated nuclear maturation and cytoplasmic maturation
Large erythroid and granulocytic precursors

Front 7

Values to measure in megaloblastic anemia?

Back 7

Serum b12, serum folate, red cell folate

Front 8

Vit B12 def etix

Back 8

T-cell mediated damage to gastric fundic glands

Front 9

Type I def in B12

Back 9

Block IF binding

Front 10

Type II def in B12

Back 10

Prevent binding of IF/B12 complex to receptor in Ileum

Front 11

Type III Vit B12 def

Back 11

Non-specific binding on gastric proton pump preventing release from food

Front 12

Folate Def etix

Back 12

Inadequate diet, alcoholoism, malaborption

Front 13

Where is the storage of Iron

Back 13

Ferritin in Hepatocyte and mononuclear phagocytes

Front 14

Best tests for Iron stores

Back 14

Serum ferritin

Front 15

Total Iron in body

Back 15

~2.9 gm

Front 16

Total iron in Hb

Back 16

2.0 gm

Front 17

Hepcidin levels and iron

Back 17

Hepcidin falls as iron stores are depleted, increases uptake of iron

Front 18

PB in Fe def Anemia

Back 18

Microcytosis and Hypochromia, and Pencil Cells

Front 19

Labs in Fe Def

Back 19

Absolute retic count normal
Serum Iron low
TIBC High
Ferritin Low and Dx-ic

Front 20

Tests to detect IDA vs ACD

Back 20

Soluble transferrin Receptor inc.
Retic Hb Content low

Front 21

ACD etix

Back 21

Chronic inflammation from Microbial infections, inflammation, immune disorders, neoplasms

Front 22

ACD Pathogenesis

Back 22

Reduction EPO due to increased IL-1, TNF, Ifn-gamma

Front 23

ACD levels

Back 23

Increased Hepcidin production by liver prevents transfer from iron stores to the erythroid precursors

Front 24

ACD labs

Back 24

Decreased Abe retic count
Some microcytic
Transferrin Low
Ferritin HIgh
Serum iron low

Front 25

Aplastic Anemia Pathogeneis

Back 25

T-Cell mediated immune response with release of cytokines that inhibit stem cell function

Front 26

Bone Marrow morph in aplastia

Back 26

Hypocellular BM

Front 27

Pure red cell aquired

Back 27

Thymoma
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia

Front 28

Normal Platelet range

Back 28

150-450 thousand

Front 29

Prothrombin time

Back 29

Extrinsic factors
V, VII, X, II

Front 30

Partial Thromboplastin Time

Back 30

Intrinsic clotting factors
V, VIII< IX< X, XI, XII, II

Front 31

Vessel wall abnormalities

Back 31

Non-thrombocytopenic purpura
Infection
Small vessel vasculitidies
Collagen abnormality
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Amyloid Angiopathy

Front 32

Thrombocytopenia

Back 32

Platelet count below 100 K mm3

Front 33

Immune thromocytopenic Purpura

Back 33

Antiplatelet antibodies
IgGs agaisnt GPiib-iiia and GPIb-IX

Front 34

Drug induced Thrombocytopenia

Back 34

quinine, quinidine, PCN, thiazides, methyldopa, heparin

Front 35

Type II HITTS

Back 35

complex of heparin and platelet factor 4
activates Fc portion of IgG

Front 36

HIV associated Thrompocytopenia

Back 36

Cross-reactive HIV gp120 Ab with GPIIbIIIa

Front 37

Pentad of thrombotic microangiopathy

Back 37

Hemolytic Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, fever, transient neurologic deficits, renal failure

Front 38

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Back 38

Antibodies to ADAMTS13
VWF multimer aggregation
Neurologic symptoms
Adults
Do not transfuse platelets

Front 39

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Back 39

Children
E. Coli O157:H7
Damage to endothelium
Renal symptoms dominate

Front 40

Bernard-Soulier Syndrome

Back 40

defective platelet adhesion
GPIbIX deficiency VWF receptor
Abnormal Ristocetin test

Front 41

Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

Back 41

GPIIbIIIa deficiency, defective platelet aggregation

Front 42

Vitmain K dependent coagulation factors

Back 42

II, VII, IX, X and protein C

Front 43

Ristocetin aggregation

Back 43

Test patients vWF and platelet aggregation function

Front 44

Ristocetin cofactor

Back 44

only tests the patient's vWF

Front 45

Hemophilia A labs

Back 45

Deficient in Factor VIII
Increased PTT
Normal PT

Front 46

Hemophilia B

Back 46

Severe form
Factor IX deficient

Front 47

D-dimer assay

Back 47

Product of plasmin activity on cross-linked fibrin; plasminolysis

Front 48

DAT Use

Back 48

Antiglobulin against AB/C3 on RBC
1 Dx drug-induced hemolytic anemia
2 Transfusion Hemolysis Rxn
3 Newborn: hemolytic disease

Front 49

IAT Use

Back 49

Detects Circulating Ab
1 Compatibillity donor test
2 Ab Screen
3 Ab identification
4 Blood typing
5 Titration of Rh Antibody

Front 50

Number of people with positive coombs that have hemolytic anemia

Back 50

1/3, not all cause destruction, Negative Predictive Value is 99%

Front 51

Serology of WAIHA

Back 51

IgG autoAb
Most frequent
Extravascular hemolysis

Front 52

CAD

Back 52

Elderly
M. Pneumoniae
IgM monophasic
Negative Donath-Landsteiner test