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198 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Afferent Division
|
the peripheral nervous system transmitting messages to the CNS (brain & spinal cord)
|
|
|
Ankylosing Spondylitis
|
an inflammatory disease that can cause some of the vertebrae in your spine to fuse together. This fusing makes the spine less flexible and can result in a hunched-forward posture.
|
|
|
Ascites
|
an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (ground glass appearance)
|
|
|
Asymptomatic
|
presenting no symptoms of disease
|
|
|
Atelectasis
|
condition in which the lungs or part of the lungs have collapsed
|
|
|
Autonomic Nervous System
|
part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a regulates involuntary action
|
|
|
Basal Fracture
|
Fractures through the dense inner structures of the temporal bone.
|
|
|
Bennett’s Fracture
|
fracture of the base of the 1st metacarpal
|
|
|
Bolus
|
food that has been chewed and mixed in the mouth with saliva ready to be swallowed
|
|
|
Boxer’s fracture
|
fracture of the metacarpal neck (5th metacarpal)
|
|
|
Bronchiectasis
|
chronic dilation of the bronchus or bronchi usually in the lower portion of the lungs caused by a long standing infection
|
|
|
Bursitis
|
inflammation of the bursa or fluid filled sacs enclosing the joints
|
|
|
Chemical Digestion
|
makes use of certain chemicals (enzymes) proteins used in the simplification of food
|
|
|
Chyme
|
semi-fluid mass of partially digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum
|
|
|
Colle’s Fracture
|
fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement (dorsal)
|
|
|
Comminuted Fracture
|
fracture that produces more than two fragments
|
|
|
Complete Fracture
|
discontinuity b/t 2 or more fragments
|
|
|
Compound Fracture
|
fracture where overlying skin is broken and there are bony fragments
|
|
|
Compression Fracture
|
fracture that causes a compaction of the bone resulting in decreased length or width
|
|
|
COPD
|
a form of persistent obstruction of the airway as caused by either emphysema or chronic bronchitis.
|
|
|
Crohn’s Disease
|
inflammatory bowel disease marked by patchy areas of full thickness. Inflammation anywhere in the GI tract from mouth to the anus.
|
|
|
Croup
|
an acute viral disease of early childhood usually from six months to three years marked by barking (seal-like) and varying degrees respiratory distress
|
|
|
Cystic Fibrosis
|
chronic lung disease where fibrous lung sacs have developed throughout the lungs it causes such things as frequent lung infection and COPD and may include multiple body system
|
|
|
Cystitis
|
inflammation of the bladder caused in women (her urethra)
|
|
|
Decreased Density
|
will be darker
|
|
|
Diagnosis
|
denotes a particular disease
|
|
|
Differential Diagnosis
|
the process of determining from number of similar signs
|
|
|
Dislocation
|
displacement from its normal site of articulation
|
|
|
Diverticulitis
|
if the diverticula(an outpouching of the mucosal wall) become infected
|
|
|
Efferent Division
|
the part of the peripheral nervous system that is the communication link by which the CNS controls activities of effector organs (muscles
|
|
|
Emphysema
|
pathological distention of interstitial tissue by gas or air
|
|
|
Enteritis
|
inflammation of the intestines
|
|
|
Etiology
|
cause of the disease
|
|
|
Ewing’s Sarcoma
|
bone tumor forming a swelling on the bone
|
|
|
Feces
|
Waste matter eliminated from the bowels; excrement
|
|
|
Filing Defect
|
waste matter eliminated from the bowel (excrement)
|
|
|
Fissures
|
a groove
|
|
|
Gastritis
|
acute or chronic inflammation of the lining of the stomach
|
|
|
Gout
|
a type of arthritis (usually found in men) caused by increases in uric acid crystallizing in the joints of the feet
|
|
|
Greenstick Fracture
|
in complete fracture with cortex intact on opposite side of bone from fracture
|
|
|
Herniated Nucleus Pulposus
|
Also known as slipped disk. It is usually due to trauma or improper lifting. The soft inner part of the intervertebral disk (nucleus pulposus) protrudes through the fibrous outer layer pressing on the spinal cord or nerves. It occurs most frequently at L4 or L5 levels causing an irritation of the sciatic nerve that passes down the posterior leg.
|
|
|
Hiatal Hernia
|
the protrusion of the stomach upward into the chest through the esophageal opening of the diaphragm
|
|
|
Hirschsprung’s Disease
|
The most common cause of lower gastrointestinal obstruction in neonates. It is characterized by patients exhibiting signs of an extremely dilated colon and accompanying chronic constipation
|
|
|
Hydrocephalus
|
The accumulation of excessive amounts of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain
|
|
|
Hyperparathyroidism
|
A condition caused by excessive levels of parathyroid hormone in the body. Usually caused by a tumor of the para thyroid gland.
|
|
|
Iatrogenic
|
disease caused by the physician
|
|
|
Idiopathic
|
disease that has no cause
|
|
|
Impacted Fracture
|
fracture in which one broken end is wedged into the other broken end fracture
|
|
|
Increased Density
|
will be lighter and brighter on the film
|
|
|
Increased Radiolucency
|
greater penetrability
|
|
|
Increased Radiopacity
|
less penetrability – same as increased penetrability
|
|
|
Intussusception
|
mechanical obstruction caused by the telescoping of a loop of intestine into another loop. It is most common in the ileus of the small bowel and the colon
|
|
|
Kyphosis
|
an exaggeration or angulation of the normal curve of the spine
|
|
|
Laterality
|
lateral
|
|
|
Lipping
|
(bone spur) osteophyte formation on the margin of the articulation of the bone
|
|
|
Lordosis
|
A normal or abnormal exaggerated concavity of the lumbar spine. May be the result of obesity
|
|
|
Mechanical Digestion
|
food is physically broken down into smaller particles by processes such as chewing
|
|
|
Mechanical Obstruction
|
This condition is described as a foreign object or substance in the air passage of the bronchial trees. It creates coughing and gagging upon entrance into the airway.
|
|
|
Micturition
|
Passing of urine from bladder to the outside of the body
|
|
|
Nephron
|
functional unit of the kidney
|
|
|
Neurology
|
study of the nervous system and its diseases
|
|
|
Oblique Fracture
|
Fracture that runs approx 45 degrees to the long axis of the bone
|
|
|
Osgood-Schlatter
|
An inflammation of the bone and cartilage involving the anterior proximal tibia and is most common is boys 10-15yrs. The cause is believed to be an injury that occurs when large patellar tendon detaches part of the tibial tuberosity
|
|
|
Osteochondroma
|
A tumor composed of both cartilaginous and bony structures.
|
|
|
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
|
A hereditary disorder of the bones where the bones are abnormally soft and fragile. May be born with fractures. Bones are easily broken even by touch.
|
|
|
Osteogenic Sarcoma
|
A cancer composed of boney tissue. It is most common bone cancer and typically afflicts adolescents.
|
|
|
Osteomalacia
|
Vitamin D deficiency in adults that results in a shortage of loss of calcium salts. This causes bone to become increasingly soft and flexible and deformed (adult form of rickets)
|
|
|
Osteomyelitis
|
An infection of bone and bone marrow most often caused by staphylococcus delivered via the blood stream. It can be a direct affect of a compound fracture. It develops at the ends of bones
|
|
|
Osteoporosis
|
An increasingly known metabolic bone disorder common in women past menopause. The disease is characterized by an abnormal decrease in bone density due to failure of osteoblast to lay down bony protein matrix.
|
|
|
Paget’s disease
|
A skeletal disease that affects older people (men over 40). A chronic form of inflammation with thickening of and hypertrophy of the long bone and deformity of flat bones. (marked by bowing and fractures)
|
|
|
Paralytic Ileus
|
An intestinal obstruction characterized by loss of the forward flow of intestinal contents
|
|
|
Pathological Fracture
|
Occurs as a result of bone disease
|
|
|
Pathology
|
Study of a disease
|
|
|
Peristalsis
|
is a series of organized muscle contractions that occur throughout the digestive tract to aid in movement
|
|
|
Pleural Effusion
|
Fluid in the thoracic cavity between the visceral and parietal layers (ex: Hydrothorax
|
|
|
Afferent Division
|
the peripheral nervous system transmitting messages to the CNS (brain & spinal cord)
|
|
|
Pleurisy
|
Inflammation of the pleura associated with pain and is aggravated on deep breathing or coughing
|
|
|
Ankylosing Spondylitis
|
an inflammatory disease that can cause some of the vertebrae in your spine to fuse together. This fusing makes the spine less flexible and can result in a hunched-forward posture.
|
|
|
Pneumothorax
|
The presence of air in the pleural space that may cause partial or complete collapse of lung. It may be caused by a perforation or tear in the chest wall or visceral layer due to trauma or pathologic condition.
|
|
|
Ascites
|
an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (ground glass appearance)
|
|
|
Polycystic Kidney Disease
|
Inherited disorder in which multiple cysts of varying sizes are present throughout the kidneys sometimes both at the same time. It causes the kidneys to swell.
|
|
|
Asymptomatic
|
presenting no symptoms of disease
|
|
|
Polyps
|
An abnormal tissue growth with the lumen of the colon. Can be benign or malignant
|
|
|
Atelectasis
|
condition in which the lungs or part of the lungs have collapsed
|
|
|
Polyuria
|
Excessive urination
|
|
|
Autonomic Nervous System
|
part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a regulates involuntary action
|
|
|
Pott’s Fracture
|
Fracture of medial and lateral maleoli of the ankle with ankle joint dislocation
|
|
|
Basal Fracture
|
Fractures through the dense inner structures of the temporal bone.
|
|
|
Prognosis
|
Outcome or prediction of course of disease (how long live
|
|
|
Bennett’s Fracture
|
fracture of the base of the 1st metacarpal
|
|
|
Pulmonary Edema
|
A condition of excess fluid with the lungs most frequently caused by an obstruction of pulmonary circulation commonly associated with congested heart failure (CHF). A common cause is coronary artery disease
|
|
|
Bolus
|
food that has been chewed and mixed in the mouth with saliva ready to be swallowed
|
|
|
Pyelonephritis
|
Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis usually as a result of a bacterial infection that has ascended from the urinary bladder.
|
|
|
Boxer’s fracture
|
fracture of the metacarpal neck (5th metacarpal)
|
|
|
Pyloric Stenosis
|
A narrowing or blocking at the pylorus or stomach outlet that occurs in infants frequently resulting in repeated orceful vomiting.
|
|
|
Bronchiectasis
|
chronic dilation of the bronchus or bronchi usually in the lower portion of the lungs caused by a long standing infection
|
|
|
Scoliosis
|
A lateral curvature of the vertebral column
|
|
|
Bursitis
|
inflammation of the bursa or fluid filled sacs enclosing the joints
|
|
|
Seat Belt Fracture
|
Transverse fracture of lumbar vertebrae in addition to substantial abdominal injuries
|
|
|
Chemical Digestion
|
makes use of certain chemicals (enzymes) proteins used in the simplification of food
|
|
|
Simple Fracture
|
a break in the continuity of bone or cartilage with minimal displacement or disruption of the normal structure.
|
|
|
Chyme
|
semi-fluid mass of partially digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum
|
|
|
Sinusitis
|
An infection of the sinus mucosa may be acute or chronic. The patient complains of headaches
|
|
|
Colle’s Fracture
|
fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement (dorsal)
|
|
|
Somatic Nervous System
|
part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates body movement through control of skeletal (voluntary) muscles
|
|
|
Comminuted Fracture
|
fracture that produces more than two fragments
|
|
|
Complete Fracture
|
discontinuity b/t 2 or more fragments
|
|
|
Spina Bifida
|
A congenital condition in which the posterior aspects of the vertebrae fail to develop
|
|
|
Compound Fracture
|
fracture where overlying skin is broken and there are bony fragments
|
|
|
Spiral Fracture
|
Fracture that encircles the shaft of the bone
|
|
|
Compression Fracture
|
fracture that causes a compaction of the bone resulting in decreased length or width
|
|
|
Symptom
|
Indications of particular disease
|
|
|
COPD
|
a form of persistent obstruction of the airway as caused by either emphysema or chronic bronchitis.
|
|
|
Syndrome
|
Group of symptoms that together are characteristic of a specific disease
|
|
|
Crohn’s Disease
|
inflammatory bowel disease marked by patchy areas of full thickness. Inflammation anywhere in the GI tract from mouth to the anus.
|
|
|
Talipes (Clubfoot)
|
Congenital deformity of the foot. 4 types: Varus
|
|
|
Croup
|
an acute viral disease of early childhood usually from six months to three years marked by barking (seal-like) and varying degrees respiratory distress
|
|
|
TMJ syndrome
|
A term used to describe a set of symptoms
|
|
|
Cystic Fibrosis
|
chronic lung disease where fibrous lung sacs have developed throughout the lungs it causes such things as frequent lung infection and COPD and may include multiple body system
|
|
|
Tuberculosis
|
An infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus (rod-shaped bacteria) characterized by inflammatory infiltrates
|
|
|
Cystitis
|
inflammation of the bladder caused in women (her urethra)
|
|
|
Ureterocele
|
Cyst-like dilation of the ureter nears its opening into the bladder; common location is distal ureter.
|
|
|
Decreased Density
|
will be darker
|
|
|
Volvulus
|
A twisting of bowel on itself causing an obstruction. It is most common in sigmoid colon
|
|
|
Diagnosis
|
denotes a particular disease
|
|
|
Differential Diagnosis
|
the process of determining from number of similar signs
|
|
|
Dislocation
|
displacement from its normal site of articulation
|
|
|
Diverticulitis
|
if the diverticula(an outpouching of the mucosal wall) become infected
|
|
|
Efferent Division
|
the part of the peripheral nervous system that is the communication link by which the CNS controls activities of effector organs (muscles
|
|
|
Emphysema
|
pathological distention of interstitial tissue by gas or air
|
|
|
Enteritis
|
inflammation of the intestines
|
|
|
Etiology
|
cause of the disease
|
|
|
Ewing’s Sarcoma
|
bone tumor forming a swelling on the bone
|
|
|
Feces
|
Waste matter eliminated from the bowels; excrement
|
|
|
Filing Defect
|
Space occupying mass in hollow organ
|
|
|
Fissures
|
a groove
|
|
|
Gastritis
|
acute or chronic inflammation of the lining of the stomach
|
|
|
Gout
|
a type of arthritis (usually found in men) caused by increases in uric acid crystallizing in the joints of the feet
|
|
|
Greenstick Fracture
|
in complete fracture with cortex intact on opposite side of bone from fracture
|
|
|
Herniated Nucleus Pulposus
|
Also known as slipped disk. It is usually due to trauma or improper lifting. The soft inner part of the intervertebral disk (nucleus pulposus) protrudes through the fibrous outer layer pressing on the spinal cord or nerves. It occurs most frequently at L4 or L5 levels causing an irritation of the sciatic nerve that passes down the posterior leg.
|
|
|
Hiatal Hernia
|
the protrusion of the stomach upward into the chest through the esophageal opening of the diaphragm
|
|
|
Hirschsprung’s Disease
|
The most common cause of lower gastrointestinal obstruction in neonates. It is characterized by patients exhibiting signs of an extremely dilated colon and accompanying chronic constipation
|
|
|
Hydrocephalus
|
The accumulation of excessive amounts of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain
|
|
|
Hyperparathyroidism
|
A condition caused by excessive levels of parathyroid hormone in the body. Usually caused by a tumor of the para thyroid gland.
|
|
|
Iatrogenic
|
disease caused by the physician
|
|
|
Idiopathic
|
disease that has no cause
|
|
|
Impacted Fracture
|
fracture in which one broken end is wedged into the other broken end fracture
|
|
|
Increased Density
|
will be lighter and brighter on the film
|
|
|
Increased Radiolucency
|
greater penetrability
|
|
|
Increased Radiopacity
|
less penetrability – same as increased penetrability
|
|
|
Intussusception
|
mechanical obstruction caused by the telescoping of a loop of intestine into another loop. It is most common in the ileus of the small bowel and the colon
|
|
|
Kyphosis
|
an exaggeration or angulation of the normal curve of the spine
|
|
|
Laterality
|
lateral
|
|
|
Lipping
|
(bone spur) osteophyte formation on the margin of the articulation of the bone
|
|
|
Lordosis
|
A normal or abnormal exaggerated concavity of the lumbar spine. May be the result of obesity
|
|
|
Mechanical Digestion
|
food is physically broken down into smaller particles by processes such as chewing
|
|
|
Mechanical Obstruction
|
This condition is described as a foreign object or substance in the air passage of the bronchial trees. It creates coughing and gagging upon entrance into the airway.
|
|
|
Micturition
|
Passing of urine from bladder to the outside of the body
|
|
|
Nephron
|
functional unit of the kidney
|
|
|
Neurology
|
study of the nervous system and its diseases
|
|
|
Oblique Fracture
|
Fracture that runs approx 45 degrees to the long axis of the bone
|
|
|
Osgood-Schlatter
|
An inflammation of the bone and cartilage involving the anterior proximal tibia and is most common is boys 10-15yrs. The cause is believed to be an injury that occurs when large patellar tendon detaches part of the tibial tuberosity
|
|
|
Osteochondroma
|
A tumor composed of both cartilaginous and bony structures.
|
|
|
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
|
A hereditary disorder of the bones where the bones are abnormally soft and fragile. May be born with fractures. Bones are easily broken even by touch.
|
|
|
Osteogenic Sarcoma
|
A cancer composed of boney tissue. It is most common bone cancer and typically afflicts adolescents.
|
|
|
Osteomalacia
|
Vitamin D deficiency in adults that results in a shortage of loss of calcium salts. This causes bone to become increasingly soft and flexible and deformed (adult form of rickets)
|
|
|
Osteomyelitis
|
An infection of bone and bone marrow most often caused by staphylococcus delivered via the blood stream. It can be a direct affect of a compound fracture. It develops at the ends of bones
|
|
|
Osteoporosis
|
An increasingly known metabolic bone disorder common in women past menopause. The disease is characterized by an abnormal decrease in bone density due to failure of osteoblast to lay down bony protein matrix.
|
|
|
Paget’s disease
|
A skeletal disease that affects older people (men over 40). A chronic form of inflammation with thickening of and hypertrophy of the long bone and deformity of flat bones. (marked by bowing and fractures)
|
|
|
Paralytic Ileus
|
An intestinal obstruction characterized by loss of the forward flow of intestinal contents
|
|
|
Pathological Fracture
|
Occurs as a result of bone disease
|
|
|
Pathology
|
Study of a disease
|
|
|
Peristalsis
|
is a series of organized muscle contractions that occur throughout the digestive tract to aid in movement
|
|
|
Pleural Effusion
|
Fluid in the thoracic cavity between the visceral and parietal layers (ex: Hydrothorax
|
|
|
Pleurisy
|
Inflammation of the pleura associated with pain and is aggravated on deep breathing or coughing
|
|
|
Pneumothorax
|
The presence of air in the pleural space that may cause partial or complete collapse of lung. It may be caused by a perforation or tear in the chest wall or visceral layer due to trauma or pathologic condition.
|
|
|
Polycystic Kidney Disease
|
Inherited disorder in which multiple cysts of varying sizes are present throughout the kidneys sometimes both at the same time. It causes the kidneys to swell.
|
|
|
Polyps
|
An abnormal tissue growth with the lumen of the colon. Can be benign or malignant
|
|
|
Polyuria
|
Excessive urination
|
|
|
Pott’s Fracture
|
Fracture of medial and lateral maleoli of the ankle with ankle joint dislocation
|
|
|
Prognosis
|
Outcome or prediction of course of disease (how long live
|
|
|
Pulmonary Edema
|
A condition of excess fluid with the lungs most frequently caused by an obstruction of pulmonary circulation commonly associated with congested heart failure (CHF). A common cause is coronary artery disease
|
|
|
Pyelonephritis
|
Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis usually as a result of a bacterial infection that has ascended from the urinary bladder.
|
|
|
Pyloric Stenosis
|
A narrowing or blocking at the pylorus or stomach outlet that occurs in infants frequently resulting in repeated orceful vomiting.
|
|
|
Scoliosis
|
A lateral curvature of the vertebral column
|
|
|
Seat Belt Fracture
|
Transverse fracture of lumbar vertebrae in addition to substantial abdominal injuries
|
|
|
Simple Fracture
|
a break in the continuity of bone or cartilage with minimal displacement or disruption of the normal structure.
|
|
|
Sinusitis
|
An infection of the sinus mucosa may be acute or chronic. The patient complains of headaches
|
|
|
Somatic Nervous System
|
part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates body movement through control of skeletal (voluntary) muscles
|
|
|
Spina Bifida
|
A congenital condition in which the posterior aspects of the vertebrae fail to develop
|
|
|
Spiral Fracture
|
Fracture that encircles the shaft of the bone
|
|
|
Symptom
|
Indications of particular disease
|
|
|
Syndrome
|
Group of symptoms that together are characteristic of a specific disease
|
|
|
Talipes (Clubfoot)
|
Congenital deformity of the foot. 4 types: Varus
|
|
|
TMJ syndrome
|
A term used to describe a set of symptoms
|
|
|
Tuberculosis
|
An infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus (rod-shaped bacteria) characterized by inflammatory infiltrates
|
|
|
Ureterocele
|
Cyst-like dilation of the ureter nears its opening into the bladder; common location is distal ureter.
|
|
|
Volvulus
|
A twisting of bowel on itself causing an obstruction. It is most common in sigmoid colon
|
