Path Exam Iii Vocab Part 2

Front 1

hypertensive heart disease

Back 1

increased afterload that results in hypertrophy and greater metabolic req

Front 2

cor pulmonale

Back 2

right sided heart disease as a result of pumlonary hypertension

Front 3

pulmonary hypertension

Back 3

elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary circuit

Front 4

chronic cor pulmonare

Back 4

cuased by disease of the lungs, ulmonary vessels, restricted chest movement, and [processes cuasing pulmonary arteriolar constriction

Front 5

rheumatic heart disease

Back 5

cross reactivity between heart and M proteins in the cells walls of cetain strep

Front 6

mitral valve prolapse

Back 6

due to floppy mitral valve one or both cusps evert during systole

Front 7

cardiomyopahty

Back 7

primary disease of the myocardium

Front 8

ventricular septal defect

Back 8

allows blood to flow from l ventricle back to right

Front 9

root of the aorta overrides the septal defect

Back 9

soem of blood enering the body is not oxygenated

Front 10

insulin

Back 10

anabolic hormone

Front 11

glucose tolerance test

Back 11

75 grams and two hour plasma glucose of 200 mg/dl

Front 12

polydipsia

Back 12

drink a lot

Front 13

polyuria

Back 13

urinate a lot

Front 14

polyphagia

Back 14

eat a lot

Front 15

insulin resistance

Back 15

the inability of insulin to act effectively on target tissues lik the muscle and liver

Front 16

cushing's syndrome

Back 16

exess cortisol production

Front 17

acromegaly

Back 17

excess growth hormone

Front 18

pheochromocytoma

Back 18

tumor of the adrenal medulla dumps excess catecholamines

Front 19

long term evaluation

Back 19

elevated glucose over prolonged periods causes an increase in enzymatic glycoslation of hemoglobin

Front 20

pyelonephritis

Back 20

an acute or chronic inflammation of the kidney tubules and interstitial tissue usually dues to porr circulation or bacterial infection

Front 21

diabetic retinopathy

Back 21

retinal blood vessels leak plasma into the retina which si toxic to the retina

Front 22

diabetic neuropathy

Back 22

direct axonal damage fromt he altered metabolism

Front 23

point mutation

Back 23

substitution of a single nucelotide base with another

Front 24

missense mutation

Back 24

REPLACEMENT OF ONE AMINO ACID WITH ANOTHER ASSOCIATED WITH APOINT MUTATION

Front 25

nonsense codon

Back 25

replacement of an amino acid wiht astop codon

Front 26

trinucleotide repeat mutation

Back 26

amplification of a specific set of 3 nucleotide seuences within a gene disrupts its fuction

Front 27

frameshift mutaiton

Back 27

a single base is deleted resulting in a change in transcription of all subsequent aa

Front 28

three base deletion

Back 28

results in the los of an aa

Front 29

penetrance

Back 29

soem indiidual inherit the disease but are phenotypically normal as in autosomal dominant disease

Front 30

expressivity

Back 30

manifest the disease more seriously than others like in autosomla dominant diseases

Front 31

regurgitation

Back 31

mitral valve prolapse and leakage

Front 32

hemathroses

Back 32

bleed into joints

Front 33

intestinal stenosis

Back 33

small lumen

Front 34

klnefelter's synbdrome

Back 34

XXY males

Front 35

gynecomastia

Back 35

breat development in males

Front 36

turnor syndrome

Back 36

XO female

Front 37

bastoma

Back 37

cancer of a germ cell