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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anything that does what or what can increase edema
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increases capillary pressure or decreases colloid pressure
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what are five ways to cause edema
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HOLNC
hydrostatic pressure osmotic pressure lymphatic obstruction na and water retention complications |
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what are the ways to increase hydrostatic pressure
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localized increase like DVT
congestive heart failure left is pulmonary right is systemic |
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where does swelling occur in congestive heart failure
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in the dependent tissues
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what does cardiac output decrease do to the kidneys
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increases renin which converts Angiotensinogen to A1 through ACE to AII which makes Aldosteron ADH and vasoconstriction
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what three things affect reduced plasma osmotic pressure
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excessive loss of albumin
leaky kidney liver disease |
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what are four examples of liver disease
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malnutrition
hepatic disease hepatitis cirrhosis |
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what are four thing that cause lymphatic obstruction
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filiarisis
neoplasm breast cancer facial and eyelid resection |
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what are two examples of complications
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pulmonary edema
cerebral edema |
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what are the five types of hemorrhages
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HAPPE
hematoma accumulation in body cavity petechiae purpura ecchymosis |
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what are the examples of accumulation in the body cavity
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hemothorax
hemopericardium hemoperitoneum hemarthrosis |
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what are petechiae
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1-2 mm hemorrhages in skin or mucous membranes
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what causes petechiae
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thrombocytopenia
sepsis |
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what causes pupura
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vasculitis
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what is ecchymosis
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bruises
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what causes hemostasis
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arteriolar constriction from neurogenic reflexes and endothelin
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what is primary hemostasis
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platelet aggregation
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what does tissue factor do
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activates thrombin
thrombin cleaves fibrinogen into fibrin thromin recruite additional platelets |
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what is a permanent plug
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Tpa tissue plasminogen activator
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what does tpa do
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limits coagulation
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how do you test the intrinsic coagulation pathway
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PTT prolonged partial thromboplastin time
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how do you test the extrinsic coagulation pathway
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PT prothrombin time
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describe the factor numbers of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
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12 to 11 to 9 to 8
7 all to ten |
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what is the virchow triad
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the predisposing factors for thrombosis
endothelial injury stasis hypercoagulability |
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does the endothelium need to be disrupted to lead to thrombosis
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no for example radiation or cigarette smoke
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