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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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powder tatooing
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intermediate wounds
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intense laryngospasm
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dry drowning
intense laryngospasm without aspiration |
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asphyxia from pulmonary edema is MCC death in?
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salt water drowning
more isotonic to blood NO RBC hemolysis |
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v. fib is MCC death in?
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fresh water drowning
plasma is diluted causing hemolysis of RBCs (nervosa eating disorders = vent. arrhythmia MCC death) |
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contact gunshot wound
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stellate-shaped
contain soot and gunpowder (fouling) |
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complications of 3rd degree burns
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keloids
squamous cell carcinoma infection (sepsis d/t Pseudomonas aeruginosa is MCC of death) Curling's ulcer |
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afebrile
skin is cool & moist |
heat cramps
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body temp >40oC
no sweating cerebral dysfunction skin hot & DRY |
heat stroke
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<40oC
profuse sweating volume depletion |
heat exhaustion
notice: difference btw stroke & exhaustion is fever and sweating) fever = stroke sweat = exhaustion |
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painless
vasodilation thrombosis is cause of ischemia |
frostbite
thaw with warm, running water DO NOT RUB |
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T/F
current is more important than voltage |
true
current = V/R AC (alternating) is WORSE DC- direct- one time AC- alternating- tetanic |
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most dangerous route for current to go through body
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L arm --> R leg
(bc through heart) |
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COD in electrocution (and fresh water drowning, too!)
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v. fib
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what cell is more sensitive to radiosensitivity, RBC or lymphocytes?
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lymphocytes
most radiosensitive: hymphoid tissue BM GI mucosa |
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least radiosensitive tissues
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bone
brain mm skin |
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radiation similar to 3rd degree burn
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laser radiation
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what is the % O2 in high altitude?
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21%, same
but pressure is lower |
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in high altitude, what respiratory effect is essential for oxygenation?
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resp. alkalosis
lower CO2, increases Oa & increases PaO2 and SaO2 |
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tx for acute mountain sickness
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descent your ass to a lower altitude!
tx: Acetazolamide useful for acclimatization- blocks reclaiming bicarb --> causing met. acidosis |
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increased syn of ___ in high altitude shifts the curve to the right
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2,3 bisphosphoglycerate
resp. alk. shifts to L 2,3 bis shifts to R |
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MCC death in heroin use
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non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
derived from poppy plant skin popping, miotic pupils, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (nephrotic syn), talc granulomatous rxn |
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irreversible Parkinson's
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MPTP
meperidine derivative |
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MOA of cocaine??
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blocks uptake of Dop & NE
hypertension, psychosis, mydriases, AMI, perf nasal septum |
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end products of alcohol metabolism
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NADH
pry --> lactate DHAP --> G3P AcAc --> B-OHB acetate more TG acetyl CoA more fatty acids more ketone bodies |
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thiamine dediciency
folate deficiency sideroblastic anemia acute pancreatitis fatty change in liver cirrhosis esophageal varices |
alcohol
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oropharyngeal squamous cancer
pancreatic cancer |
smoking
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MCC peripheral neuropathy
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DM II
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MCC dementia
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Alzheimer's
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MCC esophageal tears / ruptures
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alcohol
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MCC congestive cardiomyopathy
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coxsackievirus
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MCC stomach cancer
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H. pylori
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MCC renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma
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smoking
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increased risk of GERD and stroke
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smoking
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MCC drug induced fulminant hepatitis & increased risk of renal papillary necrosis if taken with asprin
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acetaminophen
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SIDS, lung cancer, otitis media
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passive smoking
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increased risk for endometrial / breast ca
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estrogen
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increased risk for cervical / breast ca, liver adenomas that rupture
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OCP
MCC hypertension in young increased risk for intrahepatic cholestasis and CH stones |
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prevent endometrial / ovarian ca
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OCP
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does aspirin block leukotrienes?
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NO
COX decreases prostaglandins & thromboxanes |
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what drug damages inner mito membrane, increasing the risk for hypertheria?
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aspirin (salicylate)
tinnitus & vertigo, mental status changes, hyperthermia mixed disorders with normal pH |
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coma
fruity breath |
acetone is end-product
isopropyl alcohol ingestion |
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optic neuritis
blindness increased AG met acidosis reversible with alcohol |
methyl alcohol ingestion
formic acid-- optic damage Rx: 4-methylpyrazole (inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase) |
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renal failure
increase AG met acidosis reversible with alcohol |
ethylene glycol
Rx: 4-methylpyrazole (inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase) |
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decreases O2 saturation
but leaves PaO2 the same |
CO
left shifts OBC, inhibits cytochrome oxidase |
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associated with Parkinson's desease & death in house fires
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CO
first sign: HA cherry red color Rx: O2 |
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garlic smell to breath
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arsenic poisoning
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bitter almond smell, blocks cytochrome oxidase, house fires
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cyanide
reversed with amyl nitrite and sodium nitrite followed by thiosulfate |
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denatures ferrochelatase and denatures ALA dehydrase causing increase in delta- ALA
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Pb poisoning
increases vessel permeability in breain leading to edema and demyelination coarse basophilic stippling |
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abdominal colic & diarrhea
peripheral neuropathy gout |
Pb poisoning
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mercury poisoning is nephrotoxic damage
T/F |
true
true for all heavy metals can see mercury on xray |
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mees nails with transverse bands
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arsenic
squamous ca of skin angiosarcoma of liver |
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miotic pupils
mm weakness fasciculations decreased cholinesterase |
organophosphate poisoning
irreversible inhibition of Ach esterase |
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3 causes of sideroblastic anemia
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chronic alcoholism
pyridoxine deficiency (B6) Pb poisoning |
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painful bite
neurotoxic abdominal / thigh m spasm |
black widow
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less painful bite
necrotoxin ulceration |
brown recluse
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DIC, sheep antivenum
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rattlesnake, copperheard, water mockasins
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polyvinyl chloride
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plastics
liver angiosarcoma |
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neurotoxin
HTN motor paralysis pancreatitis |
scorpion
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neurotoxin - binds to Ach receptors
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coral snake
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