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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Aortic Aneurysms
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Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Syphilitic Aneurysim |
AAA-below renal above iliac arteries
up to 15 cm diametes inflammatory or mycotic can rupture, obstruct, embolize, impinge, or present as mass syphilitic-tertiary syphilis obliterate vasa vasorum, cause ischemia->scarring->loss of elastic fibers->aneurysm scars=tree baring damage from aortic valve ring dilation |
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Aortic Dissection
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Type A-from ascending aorta
Type B-not including ascending aorta |
tear usually within 10 cm of aortic valve
can create double-barreled lumen Marfan syndrome pre-exsiting |
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Giant Cell vasculitis
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Most common
granulomatous inflammation of large to small arteries affect arteries of the head, especially temporal patients over 50 with pain, diplopia, visual loss |
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Takayasu Arteritis
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Pulseless disease
granulomatous inflammation of aortic arch and branches decreased pulse in upper extremitites women under 40, high incidence in japan |
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polyarteritis nodosa
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small/medium muscular arteries
30% have hep B segmental transmural necrotizing inflammation with fibrinoid necrosis young adults 90% remission with steoirds/cyclophosphamide |
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Kawasaki Disease
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characteristic involvement of coronary arteries
affect large to small arteries 80% under 4 yrs and endemic to japan only 20% develop CV sequelae |
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Microscopic Polyangiitis
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broken down leukocytes affecting arterioles, capillaries and venules
P-ANCA in 70% 90% have necrotizing glomerulonephritis all lesions same age unlike PAN |
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Churg-Strauss syndrome
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necrotixing vasculitis with granuloma and association with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.
P-ANCA |
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Wegener Granulomatosis
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Necrotizing arteritits, renal disease, granuloma of respiratory tract
C-ANCA in 95% |
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Thromboangiitis Obliterans
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smokers with thrombosing acute and chronic inflammation of tibila and radial arteries
less than 35 yrs genetic component related to tobacco use |
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Raynaud phenomenon
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red/white/blue of fingers and toes when exposed to the cold
mean age 14 mainly in females can be secondary from other disease |
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varicose veins
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abnormally dilated tortuous veins
over 50 yrs obesity, women, familial involvement, stand on legs for long periods no association with embolism other sites: esophageal varices, hemorrhoids |
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thrombophlebitits/phlebothrombosis
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inflammation and thrmbosis of deep leg vein
associated with cardiac failure, pregnancy, obesity, post operative, prolonged bed rest pulmonary emboli common and serious complication |
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superior/inferior vena caval syndrome
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carcinoma or lymphoma compressing or infiltrating the vena cava
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Hemangioma
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localized benign tumor, most commonly affect skin in head and neck
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lymphangioma simple
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capillary benign tumor, if cavernous=turner syndrome
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glomus tumor
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benign tumor of smooth muscle cells of distal digits composed of blood vessel and glomus cells
painful lesion |
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bacillary angiomatosis
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opportunistic infection of immunocompromised
red subQ nodules |
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Kaposi Sarcoma
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Chronic-individual of eastern European or Mediterranean descent with red to purple nodules on arms or legs
Lymphadenopathic, african-south african bantu children, aggressive Transplant/immunosuppressed-lymph nodes, mucosa, visceral organs, aggressive unless degress immunosuppression AIDS-involves lymph nodes, gut human herpesvirus-8 in 95% of lesions cloassic disease of skin with patches of plaques or nodules over time |
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Angiosarcoma
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malignant neoplasm of endothelial cells, in older adults and involves skin, soft tissue, breast or liver
can be hepatic if exposed to arsenic, thorotrast, PVC lymphedema and radiation can also cause it can be well differentiated to poorly differentiated poor prognosis with low 5 yr survival |
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