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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Episodic dysphagia
w/GERD, GVHD, blistering skin dz |
esophageal web
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complic of esophageal web
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postcricoid CA
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Patterson-Brown Kelly or Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
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esoph web
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progressive dysphagia,
caused by severe esoph injury w/inflam scarring, as from GERD, radiation, scleroderma (scarring), or caustic injury |
esophageal stenosis (stricture)
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what causes esophageal stenosis (stricture)
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severe esoph injury w/inflam scarring, as from GERD, radiation, scleroderma (scarring), or caustic injury
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MC motility d/o
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achalasia
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progressive dysphagia
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*achalasia (classic Sx!)
also, esoph stenosis/stricutre |
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bird beak appearance
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achalasia
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assoc w/Chaga's Dz
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achalasia
(Chaga's Dz caused by T. cruzi-->destroy myenteric plexus of esoph) |
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*1. non-relaxing LES
2. aperistalsis 3. incomplete relax of LES |
achalasia
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absent myenteric ganglia
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achalasia
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complic of achalasia
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sq cell CA
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inc w/positions favoring reflux (bending fwd, lying supine) & obesity
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hiatal (diaphragmatic) hernia
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bell-shaped dilation
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hiatal (diaphragmatic) hernia
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hiatal (diaphragmatic) hernia is assoc w/what?
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GERD
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mass in neck
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Zenker esoph diverticula
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nocturnal regurg
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epiphrenic esoph diverticula
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where is zenker diverticula?
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above UES
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where is epiphrenic diverticula?
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above LES
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massive hematemesis in alcoholics
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mallory weiss tear
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where are mallory weiss tears?
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on both sides of GEJ
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what causes esoph varicies
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portal HTN d/t alcoholic cirrhosis
-->increased pressure in the esophageal plexus produces dilated tortuous vessels, "varices" |
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what layer are esoph varicies in?
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submucosa
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what do most ppl w/cirrhosis die from?
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ruptured esoph varicies
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how Tx esoph varicies?
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endoscopic injection of thrombotic agents ("sclerotherapy") or balloon tamponade is usually req'd to stop bleeding
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Dysphagia
Heartburn Regurgitation |
GERD
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what causes esophagitis
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Reflux of gastric contents into the lower esophagus
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tobacco exposure inc risk of
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GERD
sq cell CA |
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MCC of GERD
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incompetent LES
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mmorphological features of GERD
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1.inflam cells (PMNs, lymphs, eos) in sq epi layer
2. basal zone hyperplasia 3.elongation of lp papillae |
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elongation of lp papillae
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GERD
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basal zone hyperplasia
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GERD
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Red, velvety mucosa
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Barrett
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Definitive Dx of Barrett's
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intestinal goblet cells
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imm-s increases risk of
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infectious esophagitis
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punched out ulcer
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HSV, assoc w/infectious esophagitis (imm-s)
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linear ulceration
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CMV, assoc w/infectious esophagitis (imm-s)
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gray-white (like oral thrush) pseudomembranes
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candidiasis, assoc w/infectious esophagitis (imm-s)
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how do adults get chemical esophagitis
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1.suicide attempt
2. anticancer therapy 3.uremia |
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what do you see grossly in chemical esophagitis?
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erthema and edema, sloughing of the mucosa (acid), or outright necrosis of the entire esophageal wall
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Most common are benign tumors of smooth muscle origin
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leiomyoma
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what is leiomyoma
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MC benign tumors of smooth muscle origin
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progressive dysphagia and wt loss
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sq cell CA
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what inc risk of sq cell CA
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SYNERGISTIC effect of tobacco and alcohol
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carcinoma in situ
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sq cell CA
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where does sq cell CA occur?
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upper & middle 1/3 of esoph
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what is precursor to adenocarcinoma?
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Barretts
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where does adenocarcinoma of esoph occur?
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lower 1/3 of esoph
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