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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MCC osteomyelitis
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staph aureus
(sickle cell = salmonella) MC site = metaphysis MC = hematogenous spread |
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devitalized bone
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sequestrum
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involucrum
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reactive bone formation
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orific of sinus tract in chronic osteomlitis is subject to?
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squamous cell carcinoma
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MC site for dis. TB osteomyelitis?
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verberal column
Pott's disease- common in NAmericans |
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T/F
low GH and IGF1 in achondroplasia? |
false
normal levels impaired endochondral ossification and premature closure of epiphyseal plate chromosome 4, AD |
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puncture through sandle, osteomyelitis
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pseudomonas aeruginosa
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MC fracture in postmenopausal women? men?
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vertebral compression (shorter)
hip |
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dx osteoporosis?
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dual photon absorptiometry
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where can you get aseptic necrosis?
other causes? |
femoral neck
compromise of medial femoral circumflex a. scaphoid bone non-union due to poor blood supply corticosteroid therapy in SLE & sickle cell bone xray increased density due to reactive bone formation, MRI most effective |
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colles' fracture is where?
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distal radius
dinner fork deformity fall on an outstretched hand |
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danger of Volkmann's ischemic contracture of the forarm from compromised brachial a.
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supracondylar fracture
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aseptic necrosis femoral head in children, boys, secondary OA later
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Legg- Perthes
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osteoclastic --> osteoblastic
elevated alk phos common in elderly men |
Paget's disease
complications include: osteogenic sarcoma pathologic fractures high output cardiac failure |
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precocious puberty & cafe au lait spots
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Fibrous dysplasia
Albright's syndrome |
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MC benign bone tumor
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osteochondroma
exostosis on metaphysis of distal femur crowned by benign cartilage |
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enchondroma
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benign- predisposes to chondrosarcoma
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MC malignant cartilaginous tumor
grade determines behavior pelvic bones |
chondrosarcoma
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sinuses & jaw
associated w gardner's polyposis syndrome |
osteoma
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radiolucent surrounded by densely sclerotic bone.
nocturnal pian |
osteoid osteoma
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benign bone tumor involving vertebrea
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osteoblastoma
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sunburst appearance
COdman's triangle |
osteogenic sarcoma
inactivation of the RB suppressor gene on chromosome 13 knee, metaphysis, young ppl |
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onion skinning
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ewing's sarcoma
round cell tumor |
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ALS -->
Duchenne's --> MG --> |
ALS --> motor neuron disease
Duchenne's --> primary myopathy MG --> disorder of neuromuscular synapse |
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dystrophin differences in DUchenne's vs. Becker's
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Duchenne's vs. Becker's
absent / defective dystrophin both XR |
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Autoantibody against Ach receptor, B cell hyperplasia MC finding
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myasthenia gravis
type II hypersensitivity ts: chetylcholinesterase blockers tired later in the day |
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resk factors for osteogenic sarcoma
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paget's disease
familial retinoblastoma (chrom 13) irradiation MC primary bone ca sunburst- codman's triangle metastasis to LUNG |
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fibromatosis on palms that is commonly associated with alcoholism
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dupuytren's contracture
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fibromatosis of abdominal wall ofter associated with Gardner's polyposis syndrome
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Desmoid tumor
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MC sof tissue tumor in GI tract and uterus
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leiomyomas
overall MC soft tissue tumor = lipoma |
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benign tumor that dimples when squeezes from the sides
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dermatofibroma
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benign m. tumor associated with tuberous sclerosis-
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phabdomyoma
heart- tuberous sclerosis |
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MC child sarcoma
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embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
liposarcomas = MC sarcoma in adults |
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associated with radiation exposure and scars
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malignant fibrous histiocytoma
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rotator cuff mm.
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SITS
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lateral epicondyle
medial epicondyle |
lateral - extensors - tennis elbow
medial - flexors - golfer's elbow |
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chronic stenosing tenosynovitis on radial aspect of wrist. what mm?
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DeQUervain's disease-
abd pol long ext pol brev |
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dorsum of the wrist location of synovial cyst
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ganglion
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what is injured in supracondylar fracture?
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brachial artery
median nerve --> ischemic contractures in the forarm |
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median n. entrapment
pain and paresthesia in thumb, index finger, third finger and radial portion of fourth finger (median vs. ulnar) |
CTS
commonly occurs in RA and pregnancy |
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CTS.. ape hand? claw hand? wrist drop?
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ape hand
due to thenar m. atrophy claw hand- ulnar wrist drop- radial |
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waiter's tip deformity
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Erb-Duchenne upper trunk brachial plexus (remember this??) injury
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what is injured in surgical neck of humerus fracture?
mid-sharf humeral fracture? |
neck - axillary n.
mid-shaft - radial n. |
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what tests are called what??
- pain is reproduced by tapping over median n. - symptoms are reproduced with forced flexion of the wrist for 1 min |
(did these in omm?)
tapping - + Tinel's sign flexing for a min - + Phalen's sign |
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MC mech for low back pain
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paraspinal m. spasm (fix wtih omm!)
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radicular pain in leg w straight leg raising with pt supine
test called? means? |
Lasegue's test
sign of lumbar disc herniation |
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lumbar disc herniation with normal knee and ankle reflex
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L4-L5
L3-L4 = knee jerk gone L4-L5 = no reflex loss!! L5-S1 = ankle jerk gone |
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lumbar disc herniation with loss of achilles reflex
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L5-S1
L3-L4 = knee jerk gone L4-L5 = no reflex loss!! L5-S1 = ankle jerk gone |
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lumbar disc herniation with loss of knee jerk reflex
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L3-L4
L3-L4 = knee jerk gone L4-L5 = no reflex loss!! L5-S1 = ankle jerk gone |
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angulation away from midline (football clip)
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valgus
unhappy triad injury: valgus medial meniscus MCL ACL |
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angulation towards midline
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varus
injury to LCL & lateral meniscus |
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ACL & PCL attachment
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cross 3rd finger over 2nd, one on top = ACL, one on bottom = PCL
ACL ant tibia to lateral femur prevents ant. movement (ant drawer) PCL post tibia to medial femur prevents post movement (post drawer) |
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test for meniscus??
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McMurray test
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