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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hyperplasia
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Increased number of cells due to increased stimulation by hormones or growth factors
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Hypertrophy
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Hypertrophy is increased size of cells.
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What determines whether a cell undergoes hyperplasia or hypertrophy?
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Whether cells will undergo hyperplasia or hypertrophy depends on their regenerative capacity. Some cells can replicate and therefore undergo hyperplasia. Others such as cardiac muscle cells have limited replicative ability and respond to increased work load by increasing their size. Often both happen simultaneously such as during pregnancy.
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Atrophy
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Diminution in the size of the cell
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Pathologic Adaptation
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Occurs when it is evidence of a response to a harmful or potentially harmful stimulus.
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Physiologic Adaptation
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Occurs in response to normal stress.
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What seven stimuli induce atrophy?
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Decreased workload, loss of innervation, diminished blood supply, inadequate nutrition, loss of endocrine stimulation, aging, pressure
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Metaplasia
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Response to chronic irritation, whereby one adult cell type is replaced by another. Typicall occurs in epithelial tissues including the distal end of the esophagus.
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