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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the components of hemostasis?
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Blood vessels
Platelets Coagulation cascade |
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What are the major events of blood coagulation?
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vesicular constriction
platelet aggregation fibrin formation |
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What factors are invloved in the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade?
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XII
XI IX VIII |
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What factors are involved in the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade?
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VII
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What factors are involved in the common pathway of the coagulation cascade?
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X
V II Thrombin Fibrinogen |
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What are the laboratory screening tests of hemostasis?
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What condition do these test for?
1. Bleeding time 2. Platelet count 3. Prothrombin time (PT) 4. Partial Prothrombin time (PTT) |
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What does the bleeding time test measure and what factors does it depend on?
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1. Time needed for a standard skin incision to stop bleeding
2. # of platelets and function of platelets |
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What does the platelet count test measure and what factor does it depend on?
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1. # of platelets/unit volume of blood
2. # of circulating platelets |
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What does the PT test measure and what factors does it depend on?
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1. extrinsic and common pathways
2. Fibrinogen and Factors II, V, VII, X |
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What does the PTT test measure and what factors does it depend on?
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1. Intrinsic and common pathways
2. Fibrinogen and Factors II, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII |
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What are 4 more specific lab tests for Hemostasis?
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1. levels of specific clotting factors
2. level of fibrinogen and fibrin split products 3. presence of circulating anticoagulants 4. platelet ftn tests |
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What are two major categories of bleeding disorders and what are their clinical manifestations?
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1. Platelet deficiency- platelet type
2. Derangement of blood clotting- coagulative type |
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If a patient has prolonged bleeding time, a dec platelet count, and normal PT and PTT tests what disorder might they have?
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What are the screening tests and results for Platelet Deficiency?
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If a patient has normal platelet count and bleeding time but abnormal PT and PTT what condition might they have?
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What are the screening test and results for Derangement of Blood Clotting Disorder?
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What are the 5 causes of Thrombocytopenia?
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Dec. production
dec. survival sequestration by spleen dilutional qualittive defects in platelet ftn. |
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What tests are used clinically to determine thrombocytopenia?
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1. dec platelets
2. bleeding time may be abnormal |
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What causes a dec. in platelet production and what condition does this lead to?
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1. bone marrow disease, selective impairment of platelet production, ineffective production of platelets
2. Thrombocytopenia |
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What causes decreased platelet survival and what condition does this lead to?
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1. immunologic destruction and Non-immunologic destruction
2. Thrombocytopenia |
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What are the clinical features of ITP (idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura)?
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autoimmune
most frequently seen in 20-40 yr. old females pt's have antiplatelet antibodies The spleen is the major site of platelet destruction |
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What are the clinical features of TTP (Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura)?
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non-immune disorder
adult female PENTAD: thrombocytopenia Fever *microangiopathic hemolytic anemia neurologic symptoms renal failure |
