Pat Lyons Mis Test 1

Front 1

Data

Back 1

- raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment

Front 2

Information

Back 2

data that have been shaped into a form that is useful to human beings

Front 3

Complementary assets

Back 3

assets required to derive value from a primary investment.

Front 4

Business Process

Back 4

the way in which an organization organizes and coordinates work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a good or service.

Front 5

Efficiency

Back 5

IT can automate steps in a business process that were formerly performed manually - example, generating an invoice.

Front 6

Transformation

Back 6

IT can transform a business process - example, ordering a book online from Barnes & Noble.

Front 7

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

Back 7

an information system that performs and records the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business. A TPS can answer routine questions about transactions (How many TVs are in stock?) and track the flow of transactions thru the organization (What happened to Mr. William's payment?)

Front 8

Management Information System (MIS)

Back 8

an information system that helps middle management answer routine questions about past business performance. These questions usually have predefined procedures to determine the answers.

Front 9

Decision-Support System (DSS)

Back 9

) - an information system that helps (supports) middle management answer nonroutine tactical questions about present or future business performance. These questions usually do not have predefined procedures to determine the answers. More in Ch 6, 12.

Front 10

Executive Support System (ESS)

Back 10

- an information system that helps (supports) upper management answer unstructured strategic questions about future business performance. These questions may not have an agreed-on procedure to determine the answers. More in Ch 12.

Front 11

Enterprise Applications

Back 11

- information systems that span functional areas, focus on executing business processes across the business firm, and include all levels of management. (more in Ch 9)

Front 12

Enterprise Systems (also known as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP))

Back 12

(also known as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)) - integrated enterprise-wide info systems that coordinate key internal processes of the firm by storing the data in a single central database.

Front 13

Supply Chain Management (SCM) Systems

Back 13

information systems that share info about orders, production, inventory, and delivery dates between a firm and its suppliers in order to improve efficiency.

Front 14

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems

Back 14

information systems that track a company's interactions with its customers and analyze these interactions to improve profit, customer satisfaction, and customer retention.



Example - Saab USA - has 3 customer channels - dealer network, customer service assistance center, lead management center. Before CRM, each channel had its own independent info system. After CRM, all channels centralized, customer satisfaction rose from 69% to 75%.

Front 15

Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)

Back 15

information systems that support creation, capture, storage, and dissemination of a business firm's expertise and knowledge. (More in Ch 11)

Front 16

Intranet

Back 16

an internal corporate computer network based on Internet technology.

Front 17

Extranet

Back 17

- an intranet that is accessible by authorized outsiders.

Front 18

Electronic Business (or e-business)

Back 18

he process of conducting business using information technology and the Internet.

Front 19

Electronic Commerce (or e-commerce)

Back 19

the process of conducting buying and selling goods and services using information technology and the Internet.

Front 20

Eco Impact of Info systems

Back 20

1. Info systems technology (IT) can be viewed as a factor of production that can be substituted for traditional capital and labor.
2. Decreasing IT costs has resulted in the substitution of IT for many middle managers and clerical workers. As a result, their numbers have declined.

Front 21

Organizational and Behavioral Impacts of Info sys

Back 21

# IT flattens organizations - Fig 3-8 - with IT, lower-level employees receive info to make decisions with less supervision. Span of control increases.
# Postindustrial Organizations have more self-managing professional workers requiring less supervision. Span of control increases.
# Understanding Organizational Resistance to Change

Front 22

Porter's Competitive Forces Model -

Back 22

five competitive forces shape the fate of the firm

1. Traditional Competitors - fewer competitors increase competitive advantage
2. New Market Entrants - higher barriers of entry increase competitive advantage
3. Substitute Products - fewer substitute products increase competitive advantage - Internet telephone service can substitute for traditional telephone service
4. Customers - increased customer product knowledge decreases competitive advantage - Internet decreased competitive advantage in textbook market
5. Suppliers - increased supplier capacity may decrease supplier prices and increase competitive advantage - increased supply of laptop components increases competitive advantage of laptop manufacturer


1.

Low-Cost Leadership - use info systems to achieve low operating cost - Wal-Mart
2.

Product Differentiation - use info systems to improve customer convenience - mass customization - Lands' End custom-tailored shirts
3.

Focus on Market Niche - use Customer Relationship Mgt (CRM) systems to focus marketing efforts - Hilton OnQ - more profitable guests receive late check-outs
4.

Strengthen Customer and Supplier Intimacy - use Supply Chain Mgt (SCM) systems to develop strong ties and loyalty with customers and suppliers - Chrysler gives suppliers access to production schedules

Front 23

The Firm Value Chain Model

Back 23

views the firm as a chain of activities that add a margin of value to a firm's products

Front 24

Industry Value Chain Model

Back 24

Suppliers' supplier >>> Supplier >>> Firm >>> Distributors >>> Customers.

Front 25

Trade Secret

Back 25

any intellectual work product owned by a business and used for a business purpose, can be classified as a trade secret if it is not based on info in the public domain, and the business takes appropriate steps to prevent the secret from falling into the public domain. (COKE)

Front 26

Copyright

Back 26

a statutory grant that protects creators of intellectual property from having their work copied by others for a minimum of 70 years.

Front 27

Patent

Back 27

a statutory grant that offers the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years.

Front 28

3 sources of Poor info sys performance...

Back 28

1. software bugs,
2. hardware failures, and
3. errors in input data.

Front 29

Info sys shoudl be designed and managed so that...

Back 29

# software bugs are identified and remediated,
# hardware has appropriate backup procedures, and
# input data has extensive edit checking. See Ch6 VII. Ensuring Data Quality.