Parvoviridae

Front 1

What is the only clinically relevant family of single-stranded nonenvelooped DNA virruses?

Back 1

Parvoviridae

Front 2

What type of nucleic acid do Parvoviridae contain in their genome?

Back 2

ssDNA, linear
Parvoviruses are the only family of ssDNA.

Front 3

What are two additional unique characteristics of the Parvoviridae genome?

Back 3

1) It is the smallest of the DNA viruses
2) Contains terminal hairpin loops

Front 4

What is the purpose of the terminal hairpin loops?

What is their capsid geometry?

Do they contain an envelope?

Back 4

To initiate host-mediated viral genome synthesis

Icosahedral

NO

Front 5

What is the most clinically important parvovirus?

Back 5

B19

Front 6

How is parvovirus transmitted?

Back 6

Respiratory transmission and transplacental infection.

Front 7

What percentage of adults have antibodies to parvovirus B19?

Back 7

Half of all adults

Front 8

Which cells are susceptible to damage from parvovirus B19?

Why?

Back 8

Mitotically active cells

The ssDNA must be converted to dsDNA before viral replication and transcription can occur.

The enzymes that can convert ssDNA to dsDNA are only found in mitotically active cells.

Front 9

What two types of cells do parvovirus B19 show tropism for?

Back 9

RBC precursors (erythroblasts)
Endothelial cells

Front 10

What disease does parvovirus B19 infection cause in healthy children?

What are two other names for this disease?

Back 10

Erythema infectiosum

1) Fifth disease
2) Slapped-cheek syndrome

Front 11

What are the clinical manifestations of fifth disease?

Back 11

1) Bright red rash prominent on teh cheeks
2) Low grade fever
3) Runny nose
4) Sore throat
5) Acute symmetrical arthritis that occurs 2 weeks after infection.

Front 12

What is the cause for the rash in fifth's disease?

Back 12

Thought to be an immune-mediated response beause the rash develops when the virus is no longer detectable in the blood.

Front 13

What is the risk of parvovirus B19 infection in patients with sickle cell, thalassemia, spherocytosis, or an immuniocompromsed state?

Back 13

Aplastic anemia

Front 14

How can parvovirus B19 infection affect a fetus?

Back 14

1) First trimester: serious fetal infectoin may cause spontaneous abortion.
2) Second trimester: hydrops fetalis resulting in neonatal death.
3) Third trimester: no clinically significant disease.

Front 15

How is parvovirus infection diagnosed?

Back 15

1) Serologically by immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibody detection.
2) Polymerase chain reaction of viral DNA from blood or amniotic fluid.
3) Isolation of virus from throat swabs (rare).

Front 16

How is parvovirus B19 treated?

Back 16

Supportive treatment and limit contact with pregnant females.