Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the composition of Parliament? |
1) house of Lords (HOL) 2) house of Commons (HOC) 3) the monach |
|
|
What is a manifestor ? And what are they? |
A public declaration of policy and aim, especially one issued before an election by a political party or candidate. |
|
|
What is the European Union? And how does it affect law making? Name an example act |
European laws must be obeyed by any party involved... Such as the UK. Such as the Consumer Protection Act 1987 which was enacted to comply with the product liability directive. |
|
|
How does public inquiries affect law making? Eg |
It's an Influencer of law making. Eg. Cullen report which was as a response to a public campaign (the snow drop campaign) after the Dunblane Massacre which resulted in the Firearms (amendment) Act 1997. |
|
|
How does public opinion and change of attitude affect law making? Two examples |
Media coverage has led to legislation being made. Such as Forced Marriage Act 2007 and the Dangerous Dogs Act 199. |
|
|
How does pressure groups and lobbyists affect law making? Examples .. 3 groups & 1 with an Act. |
Groups such as Friends of the Earth, & Green Peace Lobby, parliament for changes in law. As well as the league against Cruel Sports who campaign for the Hunting Act 2004. |
|
|
How does media affect law making? Example |
Media, although not always successive, can have a huge effect on law making. Eg. Law on exposing paedophilic people after the murder of Sarah Payne in 2000. |
|
|
What is Parliamentary Supremacy? |
There’s no limit on what parliament can legislate and it can also change its own powers. Parliament can make and amend laws how they please. - they are not bound by previous decisions. An act of parliament cannot be overruled or challenged by courts. |
|
|
What three things limit parliament sovereignty ? |
1) EU law overrules English law. (Even If made after eu law) 2) all laws must comply with Human Rights Act. 3) Devolution: Acts made in uk are no longer binding on Scotland, Wales and Northern Island. |
|
|
What are the three types of bills? |
1) Government/ Public Bill: most common - public bills put forward by party in power. - (set out in public manifesto) 2) Private Member Bills: Public bills. Inplace by backbench members of parl. (mps selected by billowy (20p/y)) 3) Private Bills: least common bills. To parliament by large public corporations and affects 1 area/ group in the community. Not general public. |
|
|
What is the legislative process order? |
1) first reading 2) second reading 3) committee stage 4) report stage 5) third reading 6) movement to next house (ping pong) and whole process repeated. 7)Royal Assen (Queen signature) F-S-C-R-T-Ping-Q |
|
|
What is the Pre-legislative process? Before Houses of Parliament |
1) issued by the Minister 2) consultative Document - gov view on issues for proposal reform 3) parties comment and change can be made 4) to white paper - firm proposal from green paper (draft). |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What happens when the legislation is transferred to other houses? (Ping pong stage) |
Same five stages are repeated in other house as were In one, like where bill is voted on. If amendments are made then can be sent back and forth until an agreements made |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What happens when the legislation is transferred to other houses? (Ping pong stage) |
Same five stages are repeated in other house as were In one, like where bill is voted on. If amendments are made then can be sent back and forth until an agreements made |
|
|
What is the royal assent? |
The monarch gives a formal approval to the bill and it becomes an Act of Parliament |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What happens when the legislation is transferred to other houses? (Ping pong stage) |
Same five stages are repeated in other house as were In one, like where bill is voted on. If amendments are made then can be sent back and forth until an agreements made |
|
|
What is the royal assent? |
The monarch gives a formal approval to the bill and it becomes an Act of Parliament |
|
|
What happened in 1911 and 1949 With Parliament Acts? |
1911 If the House of Lords rejects a bill .. it can be sent straight to Royal Assents from the House of Commons. Lords could delay a legislation for up to two years. 1949 Parliament cat 1949 further reduced The Lords delaying powers to One Year only. |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What happens when the legislation is transferred to other houses? (Ping pong stage) |
Same five stages are repeated in other house as were In one, like where bill is voted on. If amendments are made then can be sent back and forth until an agreements made |
|
|
What is the royal assent? |
The monarch gives a formal approval to the bill and it becomes an Act of Parliament |
|
|
What happened in 1911 and 1949 With Parliament Acts? |
1911 If the House of Lords rejects a bill .. it can be sent straight to Royal Assents from the House of Commons. Lords could delay a legislation for up to two years. 1949 Parliament cat 1949 further reduced The Lords delaying powers to One Year only. |
|
|
Advantages of the legislative process |
1) length & detailed so a lot of care 2) can be passed when needed & is exactly what parliament intends as they pass it. 3) Very Democratic & general election every 5 years. 4) Consultants made about proposed changes so government can take objections to consideration. 5) lengthy and stringent reviewing every clause and amendments thoroughly. 6) Law by Parliament can’t be challenged under doctrine of Parliament supremacy. |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What happens when the legislation is transferred to other houses? (Ping pong stage) |
Same five stages are repeated in other house as were In one, like where bill is voted on. If amendments are made then can be sent back and forth until an agreements made |
|
|
What is the royal assent? |
The monarch gives a formal approval to the bill and it becomes an Act of Parliament |
|
|
What happened in 1911 and 1949 With Parliament Acts? |
1911 If the House of Lords rejects a bill .. it can be sent straight to Royal Assents from the House of Commons. Lords could delay a legislation for up to two years. 1949 Parliament cat 1949 further reduced The Lords delaying powers to One Year only. |
|
|
Advantages of the legislative process |
1) length & detailed so a lot of care 2) can be passed when needed & is exactly what parliament intends as they pass it. 3) Very Democratic & general election every 5 years. 4) Consultants made about proposed changes so government can take objections to consideration. 5) lengthy and stringent reviewing every clause and amendments thoroughly. 6) Law by Parliament can’t be challenged under doctrine of Parliament supremacy. |
|
|
What are the disadvantages of legislative process ? |
1) slow - out of date before passed at ping pong stage 2) Judges apply the new act in court and interpret it in different ways ... losing parliaments true intentions. 3) Parliaments a political body - so not enough time on law-making but on politics 4) government is in control of timetable leaving little time for Private Member Bills 5) long and complex - difficult to understand (appeals in HOL about what words actually mean) 6) laws becomes complicated when an act amends another, so if 2 or more amend, it needs to be consulted to find what law actually is. |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
Advantages of the influences on law making |
1) Thorough & allows debate, scrutiny and amendments if necessary 2) Democratic as HOL is elected into power & control a lot of law making 3) clarity, worth and relevance checked in HOL 4) flexible - others can put down bills .. not just government 5) raise public awareness 6) possesses a lot of expertise 7) third party opinion - solve dispute between courts and parliament 8) open eyes for corrections |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What happens when the legislation is transferred to other houses? (Ping pong stage) |
Same five stages are repeated in other house as were In one, like where bill is voted on. If amendments are made then can be sent back and forth until an agreements made |
|
|
What is the royal assent? |
The monarch gives a formal approval to the bill and it becomes an Act of Parliament |
|
|
What happened in 1911 and 1949 With Parliament Acts? |
1911 If the House of Lords rejects a bill .. it can be sent straight to Royal Assents from the House of Commons. Lords could delay a legislation for up to two years. 1949 Parliament cat 1949 further reduced The Lords delaying powers to One Year only. |
|
|
Advantages of the legislative process |
1) length & detailed so a lot of care 2) can be passed when needed & is exactly what parliament intends as they pass it. 3) Very Democratic & general election every 5 years. 4) Consultants made about proposed changes so government can take objections to consideration. 5) lengthy and stringent reviewing every clause and amendments thoroughly. 6) Law by Parliament can’t be challenged under doctrine of Parliament supremacy. |
|
|
What are the disadvantages of legislative process ? |
1) slow - out of date before passed at ping pong stage 2) Judges apply the new act in court and interpret it in different ways ... losing parliaments true intentions. 3) Parliaments a political body - so not enough time on law-making but on politics 4) government is in control of timetable leaving little time for Private Member Bills 5) long and complex - difficult to understand (appeals in HOL about what words actually mean) 6) laws becomes complicated when an act amends another, so if 2 or more amend, it needs to be consulted to find what law actually is. |
|
|
What is the first reading? |
1) Basic title read out 2) order for bill to be printed |
|
|
Advantages of the influences on law making |
1) Thorough & allows debate, scrutiny and amendments if necessary 2) Democratic as HOL is elected into power & control a lot of law making 3) clarity, worth and relevance checked in HOL 4) flexible - others can put down bills .. not just government 5) raise public awareness 6) possesses a lot of expertise 7) third party opinion - solve dispute between courts and parliament 8) open eyes for corrections |
|
|
Disadvantages of the influences on law making |
1) undemocratic - HOL not elected and they have power to change (within reason) 2) slow - months or years to pass bill into a law 3) out-dated bills with complex and old English are confusing 4) Can vote out any private member bill that doesn’t fit their agenda from their manifesto 5) costly for changes and open to criticism 6) election - people only doing things to get re-elected |
|
|
What is the second reading? |
1) controversial & contentious issue review 2) amendments if necessary 3) joint selection committee check any human rights breached |
|
|
What is the committee stage? |
Clause scrutiny by committee (usually 16-50 member) Members are specialised with expertises no matter or drafting process If big bill (finance) can be whole house. |
|
|
Report stage |
Amendments are made during clause by clause examination and explained to house for further debate. |
|
|
What is the Third reading? |
Final vote on bill before other houses and Royal Assent |
|
|
What happens when the legislation is transferred to other houses? (Ping pong stage) |
Same five stages are repeated in other house as were In one, like where bill is voted on. If amendments are made then can be sent back and forth until an agreements made |
|
|
What is the royal assent? |
The monarch gives a formal approval to the bill and it becomes an Act of Parliament |
|
|
What happened in 1911 and 1949 With Parliament Acts? |
1911 If the House of Lords rejects a bill .. it can be sent straight to Royal Assents from the House of Commons. Lords could delay a legislation for up to two years. 1949 Parliament cat 1949 further reduced The Lords delaying powers to One Year only. |
|
|
Advantages of the legislative process |
1) length & detailed so a lot of care 2) can be passed when needed & is exactly what parliament intends as they pass it. 3) Very Democratic & general election every 5 years. 4) Consultants made about proposed changes so government can take objections to consideration. 5) lengthy and stringent reviewing every clause and amendments thoroughly. 6) Law by Parliament can’t be challenged under doctrine of Parliament supremacy. |
|
|
What are the disadvantages of legislative process ? |
1) slow - out of date before passed at ping pong stage 2) Judges apply the new act in court and interpret it in different ways ... losing parliaments true intentions. 3) Parliaments a political body - so not enough time on law-making but on politics 4) government is in control of timetable leaving little time for Private Member Bills 5) long and complex - difficult to understand (appeals in HOL about what words actually mean) 6) laws becomes complicated when an act amends another, so if 2 or more amend, it needs to be consulted to find what law actually is. |
