Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the four chemical classes of antipsychotic agents?
|
1. phenothiazines
2. thioxanthenes 3. butyrophenone derivatives 4.atypical antipsychotics *1-3 are conventional |
|
|
The antipsychotic effect is thought to be due to blocking of what receptors?
|
D2 dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic-mesocortical pathway in the brain.
|
|
|
Newer antipsychotic agents like clozapine, olanzapine, quetiaine, and aripiparazole are more selective for what receptors?
|
D4 and D1 receptors
|
|
|
Blockade of the dopamine receptors in the nigro-striatal causes what unwanted side effects?
|
Parkinsonism, tardive dyskenisia, akathisia, dystonia.
|
|
|
What are the side affects of antipsychotic agents associated with blocking the nigro-striatal region?
|
-Parkinsonism
- Acute Dystonia (1-5 days after initiation of tx) - Perioral Tremos -Tardive Dyskinesia - most important, may be permanent so it's important to detect early |
|
|
What is Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?
|
life threatening condition from excessive block of dopamine receprots with severe muscle rigidity, catatonia, hyperthermia.
tx: STOP antipsychotic agents and give Bromocriptine, Dantrolene, Diazepam. |
|
|
What SE is Thioridazine most associated with?
|
CARDIOVASCULAR!
- Prolonged QT. |
|
|
What drug causes agranulocytosis in up to 2% of patients?
|
Clozapine
|
|
|
what class of drugs is mostly associated with weight gain?
|
atypicals
|
|
|
What agents can precipitate seizures?
|
chlorpromazine and clozapine
|
|
|
What atypical is approved for monotherapy for mania?
|
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
|
|
|
Which high potency conventional agent has very high extrapyramidal toxcity but low sedation and low hypotension?
|
Haloperidol
|
|
|
Which low potency conventional drug produces high sedation ?
|
Chlorpromazine
|
|
|
What are the limitations to Clozapine (Clozaril) ?
|
high side effects profile (agrunolxytoss, seizures, and myocarditis)
|
|
|
Which conventional drugs have a depot preparation, making them useful for uncooperative pts?
|
Fluphenazine and Haloperidol
|
|
|
What conventional drug has severe extrapyramidal SE and so it is used mostly for emergency treatment of schizophrenics?
|
Haloperidol (Haldol)
|
|
|
Which atypical is a 2nd chouce drug in refractory patients because of it's high chance for agranulocytosis and epilepsy?
|
Clozapine (Clozail)
|
|
|
What is the best treatment for an extremely agitated patient?
|
Benxo (calming) + Haloperidol + Atypical
|
