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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the largest tapeworm?
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Diphlobotium Latum
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Where is D latum found?
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Caecum
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what type of scolex does D. latum have?
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Bothria
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How many eggs per day can D. latum make?
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1 million
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D. latum:
Eggs are operculated/non-operculated? |
operculated
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D. Latum:
What is it's first intermediate host? what enters and exits the host? |
copepod (cyclops); coracidium enters the host, pleurocercoid exits.
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D. Latum:
second intermediate host? |
white salmon
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D. Latum: symptoms?
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Intestine disruption, pain, loss of weight, diarreah, anemia (vit B12 def.)
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D. Latum: treatment?
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Quincarene hydrochloride
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scientific name for "dwarf tapeworm"?
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Hymenolopsis nana
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what type of scolex does H. nana have?
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Rostellum
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Where in the body would H. nana be found?
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Ileum
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What type of egg does H. nana have?
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Hexacanth, oncospere,
Polar thickening, polar filaments |
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What happens to the gravid segment of H. nana?
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breaks, eggs go to ileum
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What are two ways that H. nana is transmitted
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direct contact (contaminated hands), breathed through the air
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what type of larvae does H.nana have?
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cystecercoid
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What are symptoms of H. nana infection?
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diarrhea, inflamation of intestine, abdominal pain, loss of weight, loss of appetite, headhache, nervousness, eosinophil elevated
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What is treatment for H. nana
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Q. hydrochloride
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Another name for H. Diminuta?
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Rat or mice tapeworm.
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where can H. Diminuta be found in the body?
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Ileum
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What type of egg does H. Diminuta have?
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Hexacanth
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Does H. Diminuta egg have polar thickening?
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No.
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Another name for Diplidium caninum?
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dog tapeworm
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what type of scolex does D. caninum have?
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Rostellum
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what is the location of the genital pore on mature proglottid of Diplidium caninum?
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lateral
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What do the eggs of Diplidium caninum look like?
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cluster-globular type, bundle of hexacanth.
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What is the intermediate host of Diplidium caninum?
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flea
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what stage of larve is produced inside the secondary host of Diplidium caninum?
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cysticercoid
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What are symptoms of Diplidium caninum infection?
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bleeding, abdominal pain, diahrrea
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what is treatmant of Diplidium caninum
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atabrire??
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Taenia Saginata is also called
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beef tapeworm
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Taenia solium is also called
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pork tapeworm
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What shape is the scolex of T. saginata?
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cup-shaped
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number of segments of T. saginata?
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1000-2000
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number of eggs laid per day of T. saginata?
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100,000
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How many branches in the ovary of T. saginata?
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13-30
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Where in the human body is T. saginata found?
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jejunum
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Describe T. saginata egg.
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2 membranes, striated
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what other parts of the body does the organism go to?
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lymph system, muscular system
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How many segments does T. Solium have?
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500-1000
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What shape are the mature segments of T. Solium
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short and fat.
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How is a pig infected with T. Solium
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Pig ingests egg from infected human's feces.
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How is human infected with T. Solium
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human ingests measly pork- infected with cysticercous cellulosa.
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What happens to larvae after it is ingested by human?
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It can penetrate intestinal wall, travel to subcutaneous tissue, brain, eye, lung, liver.
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where does adult T. Solium attatch?
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small intestine
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what are symptoms if T. Solium infection?
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abdominal pain, bleeding (hooks), loss of appetite, eosiniphilia
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Echinococcus Granulosis has what type of scolex
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rostellum
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Intermediate host of E. granulosis?
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sheep
(dog is difinitive) |
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what is unusuat about the morphology of Echinococcus Granulosis
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It has only 3 segments
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how is human infected with Echinococcus Granulosis?
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ingests egg, onchosphere penetrates intestinal wall goes to liver, kidney,spleen, lung,and brain and produces hydatid cysts.
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Problems with hytidad cyst?
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break capillaries, close capillaries, necrosis, metastasis
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How is a hytadid cyst diagnosed?
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X-Ray to see scolex, serology (CF and histoagglutination, casoni skin test.
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How is hytadid cyst treated?
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surgical removal.
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what is cysticercus cellulosa?
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larvae of tainea solium
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What is another way that a person stays infected with taenia solium?
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Autoinfection
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what is the problem with cysticercus larvae?
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they can migrate ti different tissues, calcify, indanger CNS.
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DIagnosis of Cysticercus cellulosa?
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CF test, interdermal test
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Procercoid and Pleurocercoid come from what kind of larvae?
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Sporagana
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what stpe of scolex do Sporagana have?
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Bothria
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life cycle of spirometra mansoneides
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dog/cat release egg; eggs are operculated, coracidium comes out, goes into cyclops, snake/frog is second int.host, pleurocercoid produced inside muscle of frog/snake
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where can larvae of s. mansoneides be found in human?
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insideeye and thorax
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what type of larvae goes to the brain?
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coenurus
(coenurus cerebralis) |
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Name of organism that produces coenurus larvae?
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Multiceps multiceps (dog tapeworm)
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How is human infected with coenurus cerebralis?
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ingest egg, goes to blood system, then to brain.
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How is coenurus removed?
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surgery
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what are symptoms of coenurus cerebralis?
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headache, bleeding, confusion, epilepsy
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What are aschelminthes?
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roundworms
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which gender is larger in Nematoda?
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female
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What is the smallest nematode?
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strongloids stercularis
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largest roundworm?
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Drunculus Medsiensis
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what is the name of the two "penisis" of nematodes?
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specules
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what are the three layers of the nematoda?
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cuticular, subcuticular, pseudocoelum
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what layer is longitudal muscle found in the nematoda?
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subcuticular
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posterior side of male aschelminthes is:
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curved
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anterior side aschelminthes has:
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3 lips, buccal cavity esophogus surrounded by nerve ring
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where is urine excreted in aschelminthes?
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from an opening out the side of the esophogus.
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which type of nematode sucks blood?
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hookworm (Ancylosotma or Necator)
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which type of nematode Ingest lysed tissue?
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Trichuris Tricura whipworm
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Which nematide ingests body fluid?
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filarial worm (wucheria Bancrofti)
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which nematode feeds on intestinal content?
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Ascaris lumbricoides
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Ascaris lumbricoides causes
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ascariasis
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What is the outer layer of a decorated egg made of? what is it for?
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Albumin; to protect it from its enviornment.
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which group has a cloaca?
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nematoda
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Where does Ascaris lumbricoides settle?
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in small intestine.
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2 places enterobius vermicularis found:
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caecum, anus
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this adult organism has thin part espohagus, thick part intestine,
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Truchura Trichuris
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unicellular gland in esophogus of T. Tirchuria
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Stichocyte
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Symptoms of T trichura infection:
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diarrehea, loss of weight, anemia, headache, fever, eosinophilia
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Treatment of T trichura infection
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Tetrrachloroethelyne
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Which nematode does not have eggs?
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Strongyloides stercularis
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what are the two phases of Strongyloides stercularis?
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parasitic or free-living. Parasitic is larger.
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Where can Strongyloides stercularis be found in the human?
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Jejunum
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Strongyloides stercularis egg changes to:
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Rhabtidiform larvae
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What is the infective agent with direct contamination?
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Filiform.
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what is indirect mode of transmission?
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male and female copulate outside of the host, larvae becomes filiform and penetrates skin.
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What is Autoinfection? (nematodes)
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rhaptidiform larve in intestine becomes filiform.
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Describe rhaptidiform larvae
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short esophogus, esophogeal bulb, small.
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symptoms of strongyloides infection
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heavy diahrrea, nausea, vomiting, low fever, bleeding, loss of appetite.
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what is the sickness caused by strongiloydes stercularis?
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Cochin china diarrhea
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How to diagnose strongiloides infection?
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check for Rhabtidiform larvae
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what is the defining morphology of Trichinella Spiralis
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Alae (extention of cuticle) at the bottom
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What causes the problem of Trichinella Spiralis?
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the larvae i pork muscle
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,Necator Americanus
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Genital pore open at the anterior side, lower part has no spines.
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Necator americanus eggs?
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oval shaped, has 4-8 cells
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What happens when necator americanus sucks blood?
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produces anticoagulant from gland in esophogus.
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What are symptoms of necator americanus infection?
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Ground Itch or Dew Itch, (Duodenale)
americanus: RBC decrease, anemia, weakness, diarrhea, vomiting, eosinophilia, heart murmer. |
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Which nematode only has Filariform larvai in tissue; creeping eruption; severe itching, possible bacterial infection?
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Ancylostoma Brazilensis
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What is another name for Ansakes Simplex?
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sushi worm
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which form of anisakis developes in crustacea?
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stage II larvae
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Which stage of larvae is man involved in with Anisakis?
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stage 3 larvae
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where do trichostrongloides Orientalis come from?
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cattle
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what do orientalis eggs look like?
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large, pointed ends, lots of cells
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how are humans infected with trichostrongloided orientalis?
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ingest rhabtidiform larvae
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name blood nematodes.
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W. bancrofti
Loa Loa, Onchercus Volvulus, Brugia Malayei |
