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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Piaget's concrete operational stage is between what age gap of a child? |
7-11 years old |
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During Piaget's concrete operational stage, what can the child do? |
CAN: - think logically, if its applied to concrete examples - pass all conservation tests (volume, mass, spatial, length, etc.) - reversible operations - class inclusions (classifying into categories) |
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During Piaget's concrete operational stage, what can't the child do? |
LIMITED: - think hypothetically - abstract thinking |
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Erikson's 4th stage |
INDUSTRY vs. INFERIORITY |
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Industry vs. Inferiority |
child feels the urge to produce and gain the skills and knowledge at their own task |
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Mastery Orientation |
desire to learn for the sake of learning; to become highly skilled |
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Erikson states that Peer Groups is important because |
it builds child's ego development as they see themself through their peers |
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Parenting in Middle Childhood |
- nuturer DECREASES - encourager INCREASES - being warm & supportive |
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Hoffman's Parenting Styles Typology (Middle childhood) (when child doesn't follow parent's instructions) |
- Power forced without reasonsing= punitive - love withdrawal = punitive - Induction= BEST for prosocial // the process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances ( example: using child's mistakes to turn it into a learning method, instead of saying, I told you so) |
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Proper parenting is associated with ___ & ___ (Middle Childhood) |
- academic achievement & positive self-concept |
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Self-Concept develops through |
- personal success & achievement (positive outcomes)
- supportive parents (positive outcomes)
- social comparisons (I'm good at math, but not as good as Billy)
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School Age attachment are associated with ___ & ___ (children starts go gain respect for their teachers/coaches) |
- importance of academics - social outcomes |
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Self-Concept |
child's own opinion on themsevles ( i am a student) |
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If child has low academic achievement... it is associated with ( HIGH OR LOW SELF CONCEPT) |
- LOW self- concept |
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Positive self-concept is associated with - - |
- self-esteem (how much they value their own)
- self- efficacy (ability to reach goals) |
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peer groups in middle childhood is critical to - |
- socializing agents |
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Identifying a best friend during middle childhood predicts adult - |
- self-worth |
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From Middle to Adolescence, peer group (increases or decreases) |
- INCREASES!! (40% of teens time is with peers) |
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Peer |
child/teens who are about the same age / maturity level |
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Peer Group Functions (middle) - - |
- Norms (rules)
- Roles (positions, hierarchical) |
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Peer Group Types - - - |
- Same Sex / Mixed Sex
- cliques (2-12 ppl, same sex, age)
- crowds (reputational) |
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Gender influences (Adolescence) Girls vs. Boys - which peer group is larger? - which is more competitive? - which is more collaborative? |
- boy peer groups are larger
- boys are more competitive
- girls are more collaborative |
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Culture & SES - which class has it easier? - which is more hierarchically set? - which depends on peer groups? |
- middle class has it easier and assume leadership roles
- LOW ses have hierarchically set
- Ethnic Minorities (& low ses) depend on peers |
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The GOOD: -fulfill need for ___ & ___ - fulfill need to ____ one's abilities - ____ teaches intimacy skills - _____ develops |
- strong need for affiliation and acceptance that teens experience
- need to compare one with peers abilities
- good friendships
- zone of autonomy for adolescents |
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Conformity |
positive peer pressure / influence (friends who study will influence you to study) |
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Peer Status |
Popular teens tend to do better in every domain because of strong social skills
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Adolescences with ________ have better and more peer relationships |
- social-cognitive skills |
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Sociometric Peer Statuses is measured by - -
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measures peer's status by ranking through - (frequently & infrequently) nomination - (rarely & actively) disklikes |
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Rarely Disliked & Frequently nonminated = |
Popular - everyone wants to be your friend |
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Rarely Disliked & Inrequently nonminated |
Neglected - no one knows who you are so doesn't know if they want to be your friend |
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Actively Disliked & Frequently nonminated |
Controversial - half wants to be your friend but other half doesn't |
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Actively Disliked & Infrequently nonminated |
Rejected - no one wants to be your friend |
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Rejected status results in - - |
- aggressive / withdrawn
- psychological disturbances in adulthood |
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Neglected status results in - - - |
- less aggressive
- less socialable
- not at serious risk for poor outcomes |
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Controversial status results in - - |
(combination of rejected & popular) - more aggressive
- more socialable |
