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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Symbiosis |
the association (temporary or permanent" between two organisms of different species each member is called a symbiont ex: the lichen, a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and an alga. there are 5 types of symbiotic relationships |
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Predator-Prey Relationship |
a short-term relationship in which one symbiont benefits at the expense of the other ex: the tiger= predator, the water buffalo= prey |
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Phoresis |
a relationship in which the smaller member of the relationship is mechanically carried about by the larger member ex: bacterium Moraxella bovis being carried about on the legs of the facefly, Musca autumnalis |
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Mutualism |
an association between two organisms of different species in which both are benefited ex: tick birds on the rhino; ciliates in the rumen of the cow |
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Commensalism |
an association between 2 organisms of different species in which one partner is benefited and the other is neither benefited nor harmed ex: sharks and remoras |
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Parasitism |
an association between two organisms of different species in which one member (the parasite) lives on or in the other member (the host), and may cause harm. it implies a metabolic dependency |
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Parasitiasis |
an association between two organisms of different species in which one organism is potentially pathogenic, but does not cause outward signs of disease ex: healthy cattle on pasture harbor in their gastrointestinal tracts, but do not exhibit outward signs of disease |
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Parasitosis |
an association between two organisms of different species in which one organism injures the other and produces outward signs of disease ex: emaciated cow exhibits well the outward signs of parasitism |
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Parasitology |
the study of parasite relationships |
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Endoparasite |
a parasite that lives within the body of the host ex: heartworm |
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Ectoparasite |
a parasite that lives on the outside of the body of the host ex: fleas |
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Erratic (aberrant) Parasite |
a parasite that has wandered into an organ or tissue in which it does not ordinarily live ex: Cuterebra species in the brain of the dog |
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Incidental Parasite |
a parasite in a host in which it does not usually live ex: heartworm in human beings |
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Facultative Parasite |
an organism that is capable of living either free or as a parasite ex: Naegleria species-- free living soil amoebae that may cause primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in human beings |
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Obligatory Parasite |
an organism that must live a parasitic existence ex: canine heartworm in dogs |
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Periodic Parasite |
a parasite that makes short visits to its host to obtain nourishment or some other benefit
ex: mosquitoes feeding on human beings |
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Pseudoparasite |
an object that is mistaken for a parasite ex: pollen on a fecal |
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Life Cycle |
the development of a parasite through its various life stages ex: lifecycle of the canine heartworm |
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Definitive Host |
the host that harbors the adult, sexual, or mature stages of the parasite ex: dog is this host for the canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis |
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Intermediate Host |
the host that harbors the larval, asexual or immature stages of the parasite ex: mosquito is this host for the canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis |
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First Intermediate Host |
the first host parasitized by the larval stages of the parasite
ex: a snail is this host for the "lizard poisoning fluke" Platynosomum fastosum |
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Second Intermediate Host |
the second host parasitized by the larval stages of the parasite
ex: a lizard is this host for the "lizard poisoning fluke" Platynosomum fastosum |
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Transport (Paratenic) Host |
an intermediate host in which the parasite does not undergo any further development, usually remaining encysted until the definitive host eats the transport host
ex: a mouse infected with larvae of the canine roundworm, Toxocara canis |
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Reservoir Host |
a vertebrate host in which a parasite (or disease) occurs naturally and which is a source of infection for human beings and their domestic animals ex: birds and Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis |
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Infection |
parasitism by an internal parasite ex: canine roundworms infect dogs |
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Infestation |
parasitism by an external parasite
ex: fleas infest dogs |
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Zoonosis |
any disease that is transmissible from lower animals to human beings
ex: rabies, plague, and trichinosis |
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Scientific Name |
comprised of two Latin words, usually written in italics or underlined. 1st word is capitalized and is the Genus name-- indicates the group to which a particular type of animal belongs. 2nd word is the specific epithet and indicates the type of animal itself. |
