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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Identify flagella
undulating membrane, blepharoplast, nucleus, axostyle, food vacuole |
Identify flagella
undulating membrane, blepharoplast, nucleus, axostyle, food vacuole |
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Identify two nuclei, flagella, axonemes, median bodies
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A-two nuclei, B-flagella, C-axonemes, D-median bodies
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Where are trophozoites of giardia lamblia found in human?
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small intestine
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What are the diagnostic characteristics of giardia lamblia?
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tear shaped organism with 2 nuclei
or a cyst with 4 nuclei and retracted flagella |
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What is the transmissiona stage of giardia lamblia?
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cyst
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What confirms an infection with giardia lamblia?
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finding troph and/or cysts in feces
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How are trophozoites/cysts of giardia lamblia released?
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in feces
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Cyst of giardia lamblia
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Identify organism
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Trophozoite of Trichomonas vaginalis
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Identify organism
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Where are trichomonas vaginalis found in the human?
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females: vagina, urethra & uterus
Males: urethra & prostate |
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How is trichomonas vaginalis transmitted?
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through sexual contact
contaminated bath water, wash clothes and towels and 1% through birth |
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How is infection with trichomonas vaginalis confirmed?
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finding troph in vaginal smear or uterine samples
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What is the transmissionable stage of trichomonas vaginalis?
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the trophozoite
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What is diagnostic characteristic of Trichomonas vaginalis?
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pear-shaped with visible flagella
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Where is Entamoeba histolytica found in the human?
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in large intestine with preference for anterior end in crypts of lining
cysts formation in posterior end |
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How are Entamoeba histolytica released from the human?
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both trophs and cysts are released in feces
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What is diagnostic characteristics of Entamoeba histolytica?
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immunological tests
(cannont use cysts/trophs - commensals look similar) |
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What are the features for identification for Entamoeba histolytica?
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peripheral chromatin granules with homogenous cytoplasm
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What are diagnostic characteristics of the mature cysts of the Entamoeba histolytica.
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4 nuclei with peripheral layer of chromatin granules
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Trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica
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Identify stage and organism
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Mature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica
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Identify stage and organism
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Identify cyst wall, cytoplasm, nuclei and chromatoid body
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cyst of Entamoeba histolytica
a-cyst wall b-cytoplasm c- nuclei d-chromatoid body |
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Identify organism, then
cell membrane, cytoplasm, food vacuole, nuclear membrane, karyosome, chromatin granule |
Trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica
A - cell membrane B-cytoplasm C- food vacuole D-karyosome E -Nuclear membrane F-chromatin granules |
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Immature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica
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Identify stage and organism
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Identify cyst wall, cytoplasm, nuclei, glycogen vacule, chromatoid bodies
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A-cyst wall, B-cytoplasm, C-nuclei, D-glycogen vacule, E-chromatoid bodies
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A-cyst wall, B-cytoplasm, C-nuclei, D-glycogen vacule, E-chromatoid bodies
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Identify
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What is phylum and class of the plasmodium species?
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Phylum: Apicomplexa
Class: Hemosporea |
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What are the four species of plasmodium that infect humans?
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P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malaria, P. ovale
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What are schiiffner's dots?
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invaginations of cell membrane of RBC - characteristic of P.vivax or P.ovale
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What is diagnostic characteristic of ring stage blood infected with a Plasmodium species?
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RBC with internal organism with outer ring of blue cytoplasm, large central vacuole and a red nucleus.
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What is diagnostic characteristic of microgametocytes/macrogamerotcytes in RBC?
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organism inside of RBC with pigment granules, pink-red nucleus
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Plasmodium species - ring stage
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Identify organism and stage
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Plasmodium falciparum - gametocyte
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Identify species and stage
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trophozoite of toxoplasma gondii
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Identify organism and stage
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Where are Toxoplasma gondii found in the human?
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in any cell, prefers skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and certain brain cells & phagocytes
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How are toxoplasma gondii release from human body?
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They are not released
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How is a person infected with Toxoplasma gondii?
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by ingesting infected meat (pork, beef, mutton) ingesting oocysts or through congenital transmission
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What is the diagnostic characteristics of toxoplasma gondii?
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size and shape & nucleus that stains blue
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How is toxoplasma gondii diagnosed?
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Through immulogical tests
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What is unique about Balantidium coli?
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Only ciliated protozoan that infects humans
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What disease does B. coli cause?
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balantidiasis
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What is transmissable stage of Balantidium coli?
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cysts released in feces
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What are the vehicles of transmission for Balantidium coli?
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contaminated food, hands and water
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What is the main source of infection of Balantidium coli for humans?
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other humans
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What is the major damage caused by Balantidium coli?
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ulceration of lining of large intestine
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Where are amastigotes of hemoflagellates found in the human body?
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primarily intracellular
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How are hemoflagellates transmitted to humans?
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exclusively by insecto vectors
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How is the species determined when finding an amastigote in the human?
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by finding one in human cells, geographic distribution and disease manifestation
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Amstigote of tryanosoma cruzi
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Identify organism and stage
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What are the diagnostic characteristics of an amastigote of trypanosoma cruzi?
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Very small, oval to round nucleus w/kintoplast.
(nested in cardiac muscle) |
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trypomastigote of trypanosoma sp
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Identify organism and stage
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Where are trypomastigote of trypanosoma sp found in humans?
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blood, CSF, lymph.
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How is trypomastigote of trypanosoma sp released?
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It is not released
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How are humans infected with trypanosoma?
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by insect vectors
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What is diagnostic importance of finding a trypomastigote in the blood?
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presence, along with geographic location will give sp ID
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What are the diagnostic characteristics of the trypomastigote?
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spindle-shaped organism w/undulating membrane or flagellum
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What is the phylum and class of the hemoflagellates?
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Phylum: sarcomastigophora
class: mastigophora |
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What stages are present in the human for Leishmania
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only promastigote and amastigote
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What stages are present in the human for Trypanosoma cruzi?
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trypomastigote and amastigote
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Trophozoite of Balantidium coli
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Identify organism and stage
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Trophozoite Balantidium coli
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Identify organism and stage
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Cyst of Balantidium coli
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Identify organism and stage
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How is an infection of Balantidium coli diagnosed?
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finding trophs/cysts in feces
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How does Balantidum coli reproduce?
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by transverse binary fission
or sexual conjugation |
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What is macronucleus' function in Balantidium coli?
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metabolic nucleus, day-to-day functions
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What is micronucleus' function in Balantidium coli?
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Hereditary/permenant nucleus
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What is the diagnostic characteristics of the Balantidium coli?
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large protist w/large nucleus and presence of cilia
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Identify A- cuticle, B-hypodermis, C- muscular layer
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Identify A- cuticle, B-hypodermis, C- muscular layer
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Identify A-lateral lines, B-dorsal line, C-dorsal nerve cord
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Identify A-lateral lines, B-dorsal line, C-dorsal nerve cord
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Identify: contractile portion of muscle cell, non contractile portion portion, cytoplasmic extension
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dentify: A-contractile portion of muscle cell, B-non contractile portion portion, C-cytoplasmic extension
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Identify the A-intestine, B-Columnar epithelial cells, C-
Brush border, D-Amorphous layer |
Identify the A-intestine, composed of Columnar epithelial cells with a Brush border, The Amorphous layer is the outermost layer.
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Identify Ovaries, oocytes, rachis, oviducts, wall of oviduct, lining of oviducts, oocytes, Uteri, wall of uteri, nurse cells, eggs
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Identify (A)Ovaries, oocytes, rachis,(D) oviducts, wall of oviduct, lining of oviducts, oocytes, (B) Uteri, wall of uteri, (C)nurse cells, eggs
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filariform larva of necator americanus
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Identify organism and stage
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Necator americanus
filariform esophogus |
identify organism and stage and type of esophogus
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Encapsulated larva of Trichinella spiralis
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Identify organism and stage
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First stage larva of Trichinella spiralis (encapsulated)
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Identify larva (what stage?) and cyst wall
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microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti
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Identify organism and stage
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Microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti
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identify organism and sheath, body wall, nuclei
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Identify organism and visible parts
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Egg of Ascaris lumbricoides
(zygote, egg shell, rough outer coat) |
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Egg of Necator americanus or Ancylostoma duodenale
(cells of embryo, thin shell) |
Identify and identify visible parts
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identify and label features
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Egg of Trichuris trichiura
(zygote, outer shell, inner shell, polar plugs) |
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Identify and name visible features
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Egg of Enterobius vermicularis
(zygote, shell) |
