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53 Cards in this Set
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What is Haematobia irritans?
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Horn fly of cattle
ID: 4mm smallest blood suckers, short proboscis, remain on host Life Cycle: ELPA eggs laid in fresh feces, larvae mature in 3 days (delayed by cold temp) diapause Sites: back and abdomen, horns Path: irritation, impaired milk production and weight gain transmit helminths (stephanofilaria) Diagnosis: confirm fly Treatment:parasiticides |
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What is Cochliomyia hominivorax
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Screwworm of livestock
ID: 10mm blue/green flies with longitudinal stripes on thorax and orange/brown eyes Life cycle: ELPA eggs laid in uninfected wounds, larvae feed on tissue, pupate on ground, females mate once Sites: eggs on body openings and fresh wounds Path: cause death, larvae penetrate cause blowfly strike Diagnosis: recognition of maggots in lesions, larvae should be collected and sent for ID Treatment: sterilize males |
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What is Hypoderma bovis/lineatum?
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Common name: Warble fly adults cattle grub larvae
ID: 1 pair of wings being diptera, abdomen coved with yellow/orange hairs no functional mouth parts. 3rd instars 2.5-3 cm long segments bear short spines Sites: back Path: skin damage, bovis larvae release toxins when they die lineatum cause stricture and faulty regurgitation in esophagus Signs: panic, paraplegia, regurge Diagnosis: larvae or adult fly ID Treatment: ivermectin, organophosphates |
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What is Damalinia bovis, Linognathus vituli and Haematopinus eurysternus?
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Biting, Sucking and sucking louse of cattle
ID: D. bovis 3mm lg head small claws adults red/brown nits white L. vituli 3-5mm sm pointed heads 1st set of legs shorter than others, nits long white or blue H. eurysternus lg genus, yellow/gray dark stripe all claws same size, eggs are hard-shelled opaque and white LC: ENA 2-4 wks Sites: 1) head neck shoulders back rump and tail 2) head neck 3) head, ears, eyes and nostrils Path: 1) Chronic dermatitis, irritation and pruritus 2) pruritus, anemia and weakness 3) anemia wt loss Diagnosis: ID louse Treatment:Macrolides |
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What is Amblyomma spp?
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Ticks from Ixodidae
Host: humans, livestock, dogs and cats ID: long palps and hypostome, ornate scutum, legs have bands of color and festoons present LC: ELNA 3 host tick Sites: head ears neck Path: bites causing pain and secondary infections Diagnosis: ID tick Treatment: sprays and backrubbers |
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What is Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp
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Blue tick/cattle tick
ID: hexagonal basis capituli palps have dorsal ridges and hypostome short LC: one host tick ELNA Sites: ventral aspects of the body, immature ticks found by ears Path: bovine piroplasmosis and gallsickness Diagnosis: ID tick Treatment: back rubbers, organophosphates |
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Babesia bigemina
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Protozoa of cattle
ID trophozoites in RBC LC: tick vector Sites: erythrocytes Path: destruction of RBC Diagosis: ELIZA Treatment: antiprotozoal remedies |
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What is otobius spp?
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Spinose ear tick of livestock dogs and humans
Soft tick mouthparts not seen dorsally Sites: ears, ear canal Path: inflammation and waxy exudate of ears. anemia Diagnosis: ID tick Treatment: acaricial creams, MCL |
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What is Saroptes scabiei?
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Itch mites, neck and tail mange
ID round in shape LC: burrow in epidermis, lay eggs and larvae crawl out become nymphs and adults Sites: epidermal surface of skin Path:scaly skin with hair loss, intense pruritis, damage to hides Diagnosis: skin scrap Treatment: MCL but not on lactating animals for human consumption **report cases** |
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What Chorioptes bovis?
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Chorioptic mange of cattle
Sites: tail, udder, legs Path: economic loss, seen in winter Diagnosis: skin scrapings |
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What is Teledorsagia circumsincta?
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Brown stomach worm of sheep and goats
ID: red/brown slender ~1cm LC: eggs in feces, L3 developed and ingested, ensheaths in rumen and continues to develop in abomasal gland L4 arrest over winter Sites: abomasum Path: like ostertagiousis but less severe Signs: wt loss, diarrhea, increase egg counts during pregnancy until lactation |
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What is Haemonchus contortus?
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Barber pole worm of sheep and goats
ID: typical stongyloid egg has lancet tooth Sites: abomasum Path/signs: hemmorrhagic anemia, bottle jaw, wt loss and weakness Diagnose: history signs, egg counts, FAMACHA test |
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What is Nematodirus spp?
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Long neck bankrupt worm of sheep and goats
ID: 130 um eggs adults 2.5cm LC: L3 in egg and ingested can be free living Sites: sm intestine Path: disrupt mucosa Signs: diarrhea ewes unaffected lambs are thirsty have diarrhea Diagnosis: grazing history, necropsy signs egg counts don't apply here |
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What is Strongyloides papillosus?
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Thread worm of sheep and goats
ID 1cm hairlike eggs 30 X 40 um LC typical strongyloid can have trans mammary, placental, per cutaneous Sites: sm intestine Path: larval migration Signs: urticaria, diarrhea Diagnosis: larvated eggs in fecal with baerman |
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What is Moniezia spp?
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Milk tape worm
Host: Sheep and goats ID: adults 2 m or more with suckers segments broad eggs triangular Site: sm intestine Path: can cause obstruction but seeing them on necropsy might override actual cause of death Diagnosis: seeing segments in feces Treatment: Praziquantal |
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What is Eimeria spp?
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Protozoan of sheep and goats
Sites large intestine Path: inflammatory change and mucosal disruption Signs: diarrhea, putty like, bloody out breaks associated with lambs 1-3 months Diagnosis: history, signs fecal, mcmasters Treatments: anticoccidial (coccidiostats on feedlots) |
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What is Dictycaulus filaria?
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Lung worm of sheep and goats
causes husk disease and verminous pneumonia ID: slender white worms 10cm LC: adults in bronchi, eggs hatch to L1 coughed and swallowed, passed in feces Path/signs: coughing unthriftness Diagnosis: Signs, history, ID L1 |
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What is Muellerius spp?
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Lungworm of sheep and goats
IH mollusk ID: adults worms embedded in lung tissue LC: females give birth to L1 passed in feces penetrate mollusk and develop to L3, leave mollusk and eaten by sheep/goat Sites: lungs Path: pneumonia in goats Diagnosis: L1 in fecal exam Treatment: keep away from wet areas |
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What is Taenia hydatigena?
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Tape worm of dogs and wild canids
IH: herbivores ID cysticerous up to 8 cm Sites: peritoneal cavity of herbivore Adults in sm intestine of dog Path: in lg numbers Diagnosis: cysticerci in IH, eggs in FH Treatment cestocides in final host |
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What is Toxoplasma gondii?
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protozoan of cats
IH humans, livestock Sites: intestinal and extraintestinal cells Path: aborted fetuses in sheep and goats Diagnosis: fecal exam oocysts in cat feces |
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What is Melophagus ovinus?
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Wingless fly of sheep
ID: blood sucking wingless flies LC: females lay eggs, 3 instars on fleece Sites: wool path: blood suckers Signs: irritation, anemia, transmit protozoans Diagnosis: id fly |
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What is Sarcophagidae?
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Flesh flies of any host
2 times the size of a house fly LC: 1st stage in sores develop to 3rd stages and pupate Sites: skin wool Path: odor, attract more flies Diagnosis: id fly Treatment: prevent flies |
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What is Oestrus ovis?
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Sheep nasal bot fly
zoonosis (eye and lip) ID: 1 cm long white/yellow LC female lays 1st larval stage in nose, develop and sneezed out to pupate Sites: nasal passages Diagnosis: ID fly Treatment: MCL at summer or winter |
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What is Lingnathus pedalis/ovillus and Damalnia ovis?
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sucking lice of hindlimb
Sucking lice of face Biting lice of wool LC: ENA Treatment: pyrethroids |
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What is Psoroptes ovis?
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Sheep scab mite
non burrowing with oval mouth parts Sites: skin Path: rapid spread in winter, yellow crusts LC: ELNA Sites: itching, rubbing, ragged wool Diagnosis: season, signs confirm mite Treatment: acaricidal treatment, disinfect enclosures and report |
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What is Hyostrongylus spp?
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Stomach worm of pigs
ID: slender 5-8mm 85 um eggs with morula LC direct egg in feces L3 infective Sites: stomach Path: damage to gastric glands, nodular formation and hemorrhage Signs: inappetence, anemia, loss of condition Diagnosis: eggs in fecal causes poor sow syndrome |
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What is Ascaris suum?
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Host: pigs zoonosis
ID lg white ascarids thick shell eggs LC direct L2 infective, liver and lung migration, coughed swallowed and adults in sm intestine Sites sm intestine, larvae migrate Path: milk spots in liver, pneumonia, obstruction Signs: wt loss, obstruction Diagnosis: fecal |
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What is Strongyloides ransomi?
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Threadworm of pigs
ID: slender L1 in egg LC: eggs in feces, ingest L3 has homogonic and hetergonic LC, parthenogenesis in homogonic stage Sites: sm intestine Path: inflammation and erosion of epithelium Diagnosis: Baermann L1 in feces Treatment: Ivermectin |
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What is Oesophagastomum spp?
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Nodular worm of pigs
ID adults 2.5cm LC low motility of L3 Sites: lg intestine Path: nodules in intestinal wall Signs: sow inappetence, wt loss decrease milk prod poor sow syndrome Diagnosis: eggs not distuguishable from hyostongylus |
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What is Trichuris suis?
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Whip worm of pigs
ID bipolar plugs on eggs, lemon collor Sites: lg intestine Path: diarrhea (blood) decreased wt and dehydration Diagnosis: eggs in feces Treatment: fenbendozole |
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What is Trichinella spp?
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Round worm in pigs
Host: pigs, wild animals, humans ID 1mm, L1 in striated muscle Sites: sm intestine, larvae in muscle Path: damage to muscle, myocarditis Signs: fever, chills "flu" Dianosis: ELIZA, tissue sample Treatment: uncommon in animals |
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What is Metastongylus spp?
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Lungworm of pigs
IH: earthworm LC L3 in earthworm sites: bronchi and bronchioles Path: lesions on lungs Diagnosis: L1 in fecal exam Affects young pigs |
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What is Taenia solium?
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pork tapeworm
Host:Pigs/zoonosis ID cysticerci in muscle of pigs eggs in humans Sites: muscle of pig, sm intestine and brain of human Path: no signs in pigs/ humans discomfort Diagnosis: ELIZA Treatment oxfendazole extralabel use, good husbandry, strict meat inspection, cooking meat thoroughly |
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What is Haematopinus suis?
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Sucking louse of swine
ID: 5mm anopluran LC ENA Sites: skin folds, inside legs and ears Path: increased restlessness, decresed production, anemia is rare but seen, Signs: skin damage Treatment: MCL |
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What is Isospora/Eimeria
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Protozoans of epithelium
affecting 1-2, 1-3 months sites: sm intestine Path: enterities Signs: diarrhea Diagnosis: sporulated oocyst Treatment: ovoid overcrowding, poor sanitation, uses anti protozoals |
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What is Balantidium spp?
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Protozoan of pigs
host: pigs, humans, rodents ID trophozoites cysts sites: sm intestine Path: enteritis, ulceration in humans Diagnosis: cysts seen Treatment: tetracyclines |
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What is Trichomonas spp?
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Protozoan of the Avian spp
ID 5-19 um with nucleus and flagella LC trophozoites in oral nasal cavity and multiply transmitted from adults to young, from drinking water and feeding on infected bird Sites: crop, esophagus and pharynx Path: yellow lesions Signs: discharge from beak, diarrhea Diagnosis: microscopic exam of fluid from lesion |
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What is Ascaridia spp?
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roundworms of fowl
ID: 7-12 cm adults lg oval eggs LC: direct L2 infective, paratenic hosts Sites: sm intestine Path: decreased wt, duodenal obstruction, enteritis Signs: anemia, diarrhea, death, decreased egg production |
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What is Capillaria spp?
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Hair worms of domestic and wild birds
ID: thin hair like woms, eggs with bipolar plugs LC:direct or indirect (earthworm) L1 infective Sites: through out the intestinal tract Path: highly pathogenic, inflammation, thickening of the crop Signs: bloody diarrhea Diagnosis: necropsy, eggs do not always appear before signs |
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What is Choanotaenia spp/ Raillietina spp?
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Tapeworm of domestic and wild fowl
ID adults 10-25cm eggs size differ LC: eggs in feces, ingested by arthropod, develops to cysticercoid, bird eats intermediate host Sites: sm intestine Path: only in large numbers Diagnosis: eggs in fecal exam R. spp = nodular worm disease |
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What is Heterakis spp?
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Poultry cecal worm
ID 1-1.5 cm adults, thick shell eggs LC: direct/ paratenic host fowl to fowl L2 in egg infective Sites: cecum lumen Path: causes blackhead, from histomonas spp, causes diarrhea Diagnosis: eggs in fecal |
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What is Histomonas spp?
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protozoan of turkeys
LC: egg earthworm bird, trophozoites invade liver and cecum Sites: cecum and liver Path: enterohepititis, cecal inflamation Diagnosis: lesions in cecum and liver |
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What is Spironucleus spp?
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Causes infectious catarrhal enteritis in all fowl except chickens
Protozoan LC: droppings of carrier birds Sites: large intestine Path: watery diarrhea and decreased weight Diagnosis: flagellate orgs in intestinal contents |
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What is Eimeria spp?
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Protozoan of fowl (species specific)
ID oocysts sites: sm and large intestine Path: bloody droppings and dehydration Diagnosis: necropsy exam |
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What is syngamus trachea?
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Gapeworm of Avian species
ID: adults in permanent copulation forming a Y, eggs have operculum at both poles LC: direct L3 in egg, paratenic host-bird Sites: lungs or trachea Path: asphuxia with mucus build up Signs gasping for air, affects young birds and turkeys Diagnosis: eggs in fecal and at necropsy |
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What is Leucocytozoan spp?
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Protozoan of avian spp
Orgs in blood or tissues, spherical to oval, spread by culicoides Sites: Brain LIVER, heart lungs, gizzard, sm intestine Path: in all organs affected (young geese and ducks) Diagnosis orgs in blood or tissue (micro/marco) Treatment: anhelminths decrease over crowding |
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What is Ischnocera spp?
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Biting/chewing lice of avian spp
ID: lg head 6 legs LC: ENA Path: ingests keratin and bites feathers secondary affects = no eating/sleeping feather plucking Diagnosis: ID louse |
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What is Echidnophaga spp?
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Stick tight flea of avian spp
ID 1mm black/brown with no combs LC: ELPA Sites:usually head, comb and wattle Path: irritation, anemia Diagnosis: ID flea Treatment: remove litter, treat environment, treat animal |
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What is Cimex spp?
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bed bugs of birds
Host nesting birds/humans ID: beak-like mouthparts for piercing Sites: skin Path blood suckers cause allergic rxn |
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What is Argas spp?
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tick of avian spp (soft)
ID: small flattened and leathery LC: ELNA 3 host tick (live a long time) Sites: skin (hides from host) Path: anemia, tick paralysis, transmits spirochtosis and rikettsia orgs |
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What is Dermanyssus spp?
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Red chicken mite/roost mite
Host: domestic and wild fowl ID engorged females ~ 1mm LC: lay eggs after blood meal ENA on host at night Sites: anywhere on host during the night, in environment during the day Path: behavior change due to itching, decreased wt, egg yield transmits chlamydia, fowl pox, and pasterella Diagnosis: ID mite |
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What is Ormithonysis spp?
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Northern fowl mite
Host: chickens, zoonosis ID: on birds night and day ENA Sites: anywhere on host can't survive more than 10 days off host Path: change in behavior due to itching/ transmit fowl pox, chlamydia and pasterella |
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What is Knemidocoptes spp?
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Scaly leg and scaly face mite
Hosts: chickens, turkeys, caged birds LC: ENA .5mm, no suckers on legs Sites: head, legs, comb, wattle hecks Path: burrow under scales, cause inflammation and lameness Diagnosis: ID mite |
