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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which helminth is tubular
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Nematode
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Which helminth is segmented
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Cestodes
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Which helminth is flat
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Trematodes
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Which helminth migrates without infection?
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Nematodes
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Name the infectious nematodes
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Ascaris,
Eterobiasis, Onchocerciasis, Dracunculiasis |
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Name the infectious cestodes
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Taenia Saginata and Taenia Solium
Beef tapeworm and Pork tapeworm |
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Name the infectious trematodes
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Blood flukes: Schistosoma (from snails)
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Name the infectious amoebae
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Entamoeba coli: benign and normal flora
"aslfjlasfaj"-ora diseases Cyclospora from MI strawberries |
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Name the waterborne pathogens
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Giardia
Cryptosporidiosis Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm) Schistosomiasis - trematode Naegleria - amoeba Acanthamoeba (contact lenses) |
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Name the intestinal pathogens
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Giardia
Cryptosporidia Amebiasis Ascaris Trichuris Strongyloides Chagas Disease (trypanosomiasis) Tape worms Leishmaniasis |
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Dermal pathogens
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Ectoparasites: Lice, mites, fleas, bugs, ticks, flies
Endoparasites: Tungiasis, Myiasis |
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Reproductive Tracts
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Trichomonas, Schistosomiasis, crab lice
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Pulmonary
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Paragonomiasis, Malaria, Trichinella, Nematodes, Filariasis
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Central nervous system
CNS |
Toxoplasma, Cysticercosis, Acanthamoeba, Naegleria
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Vascular
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Malaria, Schistosomiasis, Lymphatic Filariasis
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Systemic
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Hookworm*, Malaria*, Strongyloides, Toxoplasmosis, Schistosomiasis
****causes anemia |
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General multi-organ
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Leishmaniasis, Amoebiasis
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Which blocks GI tract
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Ascaris - largest roundworm at 1 foot long
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Giardiasis
Transmission, disease |
Waterborne pathogen
Fecal oral route Many asymptomatic, uncommon diarrhea, NO inflammatory response |
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Cryptosporidiosis
T, D, Tx |
Intestinal, mostly KIDS
Fecal-oral route from Cattle and daycare Enterotoxic causing weightloss TORRENTIAL diarrhea INFLAMMATORY response |
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Amoebiasis (Entamoeba histolytica)
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Rare in US
Fecal-Oral route -- cochroaches and flies Parasitic cysts Diarrhea and intestinal hemorrhage, liver damage |
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Ascaris (roundworms)
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Largest nematode
causes GI blockages INGESTION OF MATURE EGGS transmission, eggs present in soil Larvae penetrate bowl-->liver-->lungs-->stomach and gut (continuous recycling!) |
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Trichuris (whipworm)
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Blood sucking parasite of colon!
Fecal oral route Hemorrhagic diarrhea and anemia |
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Pediculosis (lice)
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Blood suckers, transmitted by contact
pinpoint macules (red spots) |
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Crab lice
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Phthirius
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Sarcoptes Mites
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Contact transmission, burrowing causes scabies
eggs laid in burrowing tunnels Itchiness |
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Fleas
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Blood suckers
Contact transmission Allergic sensitivity |
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Ticks
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Irritating skin lesions
Spread from cattle blood sucker |
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Myiasis
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larvae of flies in tissues
Black spot in center is entry site Bacon therapy to coax larvae out |
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Enterobiasis (pinworms nematode)
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Prevalent in CHILDREN
Fecal oral Perianal Irritation and vulvovaginitis |
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Onchocerciasis
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rIVER BLINDNESS
Blackfly transmission Adults in skin nodules Scaly skin and loss of pigment |
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Dracunculiasis
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Guinea worm
Ingestion of contaminated water wind worm around stick Secondary infections from ulceration |
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Loiasis (loa loa)
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Insect vector
mostly harmless |
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Leishmaniasis
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Sand fly vector
lives inside M-phage (MANIA) Parasites at EDGE of cutaneous ulcer Very disfiguring mucocutaneous disease |
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Trichomoniasis
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ONLY VD, partner to partner
No cystic form Systemic females Neutrophils in discharge No pungent odor (candidiasis is pungent) TREAT PARTNER |
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Schistosomiasis
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Trematode from SNAIL WATER!
Hepatic and urinary probs Chronic granulomas in liver/bladder |
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Pneumocystis carinii
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Aerosol trans
In T-cell defiicient |
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Paragonamiasis
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from dust mites and cochroaches
Allergies, asthma and LUNG FIBROSIS |
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Trichinella
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Uncooked pork
invades nurse cells proportional to amount of larvae Enteritis symptoms Attacks diaphram and severe muscle pain Allergic reactions ATTACKS MUSCLE |
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Toxoplasma
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Common infection but UNCommon disease
FROM CATS or cattle can transmit to fetus can infect ANY CELL Mphages and neurons! |
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Naegleria
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Amoebia
Transmitted by warm fresh water, swimming. Olfactory mucus membranes to BRAIN no treatment, fatal purulent meningitis |
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Acanthamoeba
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Contact lens solutions
invades cornea fatal WITHOUT treatment |
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Taenia Solium
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Pork tapeworm
Space occupying CNS lesion Surgery and vaccine for pigs |
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Trypanosomiasis
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Cattle and human transmission
Tsetse fly or Triatomid (kissing bugs) Replication in CNS --> death (Tsetse) Chagas disease -- develop Ab against heart and colon |
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Filariasis
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Nematode, vascular
Mosquito borne lives in lymphatics, no prob Microfilaria in blood Elephantiasis, lymphedema, hydrocele Chronic, frequent fevers Secondary infections due to immunosuppressive parasite |
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Hookworms
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Blood sucking Nematode WORST!
Skin penetration by larvae skin-->venules-->lungs-->gut Blood loss in intestines |
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Malaria
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mosquito borne
lymph-->liver-->RBCs-->mosquitos FEVER, CEREBRAL hemorrhage, Anemia, renal problems, hepato-speno-megaly |
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Toxocara ASCARIDS
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dog and cat roundworms
fecal oral route Eggs present in soil Occular and CNS problems in kids |
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Strongyloides
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Nematodes living in soil
less common but MORE SEVERE than hookworm Skin penetration venule-->heart-->lungs-->swallowed Autoinfection, cyclical infection Hemorrhage due to invasion, parasite death causes inflammation |
