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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What order are hookworms a part of?
In what anatomic position is the hook? |
Strongylida
hooked dorsally |
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What is a posterior characteristic of hookworms?
What is the signifigance. |
Bursa to hold onto the female in mating.
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What is siginificant about hookworm anterior end?
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They have teeth, which tell you taxonomy, id, clue to the damage.
They have no leaf crowns. |
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What is the most important pathogenic hookworm of dogs?
What is its transmission pathway? |
Ancylostoma caninum
Transmission pathway: many: Arrested development and transmammary tranmission zoonotic parasite prevalent in the SE US |
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What is the prepatent period of Ancylostoma of the simple life cycle?
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Simple life cycle
Pre-patent period 2-7 weeks Eggs for 1-2 days out in the world. 1 week in L3, then direct penetration of skin or ingestion into the dog. |
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Define tracheal migration.
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skin - blood - lungs - trachea - coughed up, swallowed - intestine
Happens through skin transmission |
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What are the modes of transmission of A. caninum?
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via skin - folowed by tracheal migration taking 2-7 days
oral - larvae pentrate stomach for a histotrophic phase for a few day in .... transplacental transmammary - via colostrum via paratenic hosts - larvae may survive in tissues of other mammals and when eaten, infect the dog. |
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In which modes of transmission does Ancylostoma undergo arrested development?
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In skin penetration, they can go into arrested development (stay in larval stage) or tracheal migration.
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What is the correlation between immunity and Ancylostoma life cycle in dogs?
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slide 11
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What is the hookworm in the cat?
In what stage are the larvae ingested through paratenic hosts? Is there transmammary transmission? |
A. tubaeforme - similar to A. caninum
Mice: paratenic host with L3 are common No transmammary transmission |
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What pathologies do hookworms cause?
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Hemorrhage and severe anemia - weakness, poor growth, pale gums, black, tarry stools, dull and dry haircoat, emaciation, death
skin penetration causing itchy |
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Hookworms cause a severe disease in puppies, what are the signs?
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Pneumonia
Enteritis, bloody diarhea, anemia Life threatening for pups, may show signs as early as 2-3 weeks of age in a peracute case An example of dz before eggs. |
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How are diagnosis of hookworms obtained in dogs?
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eggs in fecal flotation
Embryonating egg |
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How do you tell species of hookworms apart?
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Measure their eggs. Important to do, because different strains are far more pathogenic than others.
In puppies when the signs are seen before the eggs, severe anemia can be a diagnostic factor |
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What age group of dogs is most susceptible to A. caninum?
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There really isn't much of a change in prevalence across age range, except for dogs over 7 years of age, which declines.
This is explained by the fact that A. caninum have a very long life span, about 7 years |
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What climate do A. caninus thrive in?
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Warm temps and moist climates, like the SE of the US
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How can you treat dogs for hookworms?
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1. Prophyelatic treatment: ivermectin + pyrantel pamoate, and many others
2. Many dewormers: only active in gut, not effective against arrested stage Arrested stage: Macrocyclic lactones A) doramectin treatment on arrested A. caninum for dogs (off label use of swine drug) B) Ivermectin and avermectin as used. But doesn’t kill all arrested larvae 3. Resistance to pyrantel in Australia |
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Characteristics of Uncinaria stenocephala
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found in dog, cat, fox
no teeth, have cutting plates infect by oral route, rarely by skin penetration. thrive in cooler climates than A. caninum. Less pathogenic than A. caninum due to the cutting plates, not teeth. Not a zoonotic concenr. Transmitted transmammary/transplacental. |
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What is the hookworm of cattle and sheep?
What is the length of the prepatent period |
Bunostomum
B. phlebotomum in cattle B trigonocephalum in sheep Infection by skin penetration or via mouth long-prepatent period 56-72 days Potential for serious dz, especially in warm climates finish |
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What signs in cattle do bunostomum produce?
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Anemia, weight loss, hypoproteinemia, itchiness of legs and feet.
finish |
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there were lots more slides of bunostomum phleboticum.
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i didn't get them.
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What is creeping eruption?
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Larval migrans.
Hookworms of cats and dogs zoonotically infecting humans. It's usually A. caninum, but A. brasilenese also does it. Example of humans being a dead end or aberrant host. |
