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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pediculosis Capitis |
Aka: head lice Food: blood Transmission: close contact of infected individual or personal items Lifespan: 1-2 days without blood, ideal conditions- 30 days Breeding: females lay up to 10 eggs (nits) a day, eggs= shiny, gray, ovular, usually at base of scalp/back of neck *excoriation is common due to sever pruritis |
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Pediculosis Corporis |
Aka: body louse Found on neck, waist and thighs Transmission: seams of clothing Causes severe pruritis and pinpoint hemorrhages |
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Pediculosis Pubis |
Aka: pubic louse or “crabs” Characteristics: doesn’t look like hair or body louse, resembles carb with sharp pincers. Attaches to pubic hair (groin, axillary) Transmission: sexual contact, contact with infested bedsheets or bath towels |
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Pediculosis |
Aka: lice Manifest: can be seen on body; pinpoint, raised macules; pinpoint hemorrhages; sever pruritis: all these confirm diagnosis. Excoriation is common due to intense pruritis |
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T/F ? Lice can jump from one host to another |
False: lice are shared by close contact of infected individuals or infested items |
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Medical management of lice |
Diagnosis: phys exam of involved area Health history supports the diagnosis Removal of the parasite confirms diagnosis OTC - permethrin or pyrethrin with additives Difficult cases may call for prescription strength treatment (I.e.- benzyl alcohol, malathion) topical pediculicide (lindane, or pyrethrin/RID)
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T/F ? After topical application of pediculocide, nits and lice are dead and will, therefore, simply fall off. |
False: lice and nits should all be dead but should be removed (picked, combed, etc) after treatment with a nit comb. *cannot be used in children under 2 or pregnant women |
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Treatment in pregnant women and children under 2 yo |
Occlusive (airtight and watertight) agents i.e.- petroleum jelly, hair gel are ideal treatment |
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Primary Nursing Intervention for Lice |
Application of Med to rid pt of lice. Stress nature and transmission of disease Check all close family for nits, teach measures to reduce pruritis (cooling compresses, corticosteroid ointments) Treat furniture, carpets, and car interiors to prevent reinfection. Bed linens, clothing washed in hot water and in hot dryer. Stuffed animals and other things that cannot be washed can be stored in large plastic trash bags long enough for lice to die Be sensitive to pt emotions. |
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Scabies |
Cause: human itch mit (sarcoptes scabiei) The mite penetrates then burrows under skin. Then lays eggs. Transmission: prolonged contact with infected individual/items |
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Factors increasing incidence of scabies |
Overcrowded living conditions Poverty Changing sexual behavior World travel |
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Signs and symptoms of scabies |
Wavy, brown, threadlike lines on the body esp. hands(webbing of fingers), arms(wrists/elbows/armpits), body folds and genitalia (waistline) Severe pruritis, secondary infections are common from the excoriation caused by scratching More sever in nighttime hours |
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Diagnostic test for scabies |
Usually from visualization of presenting symptoms, confirming may involve skin scraping |
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Medical mgmt of scabies |
Crotamiton (Eurax) and 4%-8% solution of sulfur in petrolatum Treatment is also extended to sexual partners and other close contacts of infected peraon |
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Nursing interventions for scabies |
Medical ascetic techniques to improve hygiene and apply meds. Proper application of treatment is paramount Emotional well being is another main focus Educate families, same precautions of linens, clothing and bath articles as for lice Each family member needs to use a scabicide |
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Eurax Uses, side effects, and nursing implications |
Eurax (crotamiton) Scabicidal and anti pruritis SE- local irritation, allergic reactions External use only, do not apply to severely irritated skin |
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Lindane Uses SE Nursing implications |
Scabicide/ovicide Local irritation, dizziness, seizures in rare cases External use only, avoid applying to open skin lesions |
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Pyrethrin Uses SE Nursing implications |
Pyrethrin- (RID, others) Uses- pediculicide SE- local irritation Nursing implications- external use only, not for use in eyelash or brow infestations |
