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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the three most common human parasites
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ascaris lumbricoides
hookworms trichuris trichiura |
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what is the most common parasite in the US ranked 1 -6
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1.pinworms
2 toxoplama-can pass to fetus problems in eye 3. trichomonas vaginalis, femal venereal disease 4. head lice 5. Giardia-diarrheal diease 6. inetestinal amoeba, can cause dysentery |
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what is the diffent types of host
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definitive host-sexually mature adult parasite lives here
intermediate host- parasites lives in host at some point in its life cycle accidental host- infection by a parasite that normally lives in something else |
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what is a generality about intracellua and extracellualr parasites
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extracellualr compete for nutreint
intraceltual kill cells |
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how is parasites diagnosed
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microscopic exam of feces
pt history serological test-toxoplamsa,a dn trichomonas PCR-plasmodium falciparum |
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treatment for parasites is
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metronidizole
benzamidazoles |
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what is intestinal ameoba
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entamoeba histolytica- causes amoebic dysentery
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what is atrial amoeba
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naegleria fowleri-ameci menigoencephalitis
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What are the unique features of the amoeba
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have two forms adult trophozoite and the environmental stabel cyst
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E. histolytica has wat virulence factro
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secretes multiple proteinases and granuloysins lik enzymes that degrades cells
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how are ameoba transmitted
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cysts ingested from food or water
fecal oral |
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what does e. histoyltica cause
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amoebic dystentery
Inflammatory bowel diease |
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how is e. histolytica diagnosed
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present with radual weeks of bloody diarrhea abdominal pain and tenderness
rarely fever revent travel to tropical place direct microscopic observation shows ingested RBCs in the ameoba |
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how is N. Fowleri diagnosed
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sudden headache altered taste and perception can progress to fatal coma in 4 to 6 says usually in spas and sauna
examin for neutrophils in cerebrolspinal fluid and amoeba with absence of bacteria by gram staining |
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How are ameobas treated
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E. histolytica -metronidizole
N. fowerli-amphotericin B |
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what is ascaris lumbricoides aka
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common round worm the most common parasite worldwide
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how do u diagnose worm infections
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high eosinophilia, ground itch, cough, fever, muscle pain, fatigue
serology can take months microscopic exam of perianal area on scotch tape |
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how is pin worm treated
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mebendazole
petrolium jelly |
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what are the virulence factors of the round worms
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extremely hard to kill eggs
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what are some symptoms of round worm infection
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insomnia, abdominal pain
malnutrition |
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how is diagnosed round worm
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eggs or even adult worms found in vomit and feces
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how hook worm transmitted
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larvae enter through skin typically foot causeing itching migrate fhrough blood to lungs
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how is hook worm diagnosed
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eggs in stool not seen til 5 -7 weeks of infection
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how is hook worm treated
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mebendazole
anemia treated with iron suppliment |
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what are the clinical manifestatino of whip worm
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hatch instide the small intestine burrow into the villus
4 year life span abdominal pain, distention bloody or mucous filled diarrhea severe infectino can lead to rectal prolapse growth retardation, weight loss, nutrional deficiencies, and anemia |
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how do u diagnos whip worm
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stool exam colonoscopy
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how do u treat whip worm
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combined mebendazole with ivermectin
treatment with imodium increases amount of drug contact with the parasites |
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what is the most likely to encounter parasite in kentucky and tennessee
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the threadworm
strongyloides stercoralis |
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what are three other types of nematodes other than the most common ones
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toxocara-mainly in animals
trichinella-cysts in pigs consumed wuchereria bancrofti- tropical areas with 1 year incubation comes from misquitoes |
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what is the most common tape worm
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taenia solium gotten by eating uncooked meat
diagnosed by find worm seg in stools requires surgical excisino |
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what are the 3 blood fluke
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mansoni, japonicum, haematobium
colonized by a form called cercariae |
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what do the blood flukes cause
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schistosomiasis causes immune response which causes bad tissue damage
diagnosed with eggs in stool prazquantel can treat it highly fatal disease |
