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37 Cards in this Set
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Entamoeba histolytica |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - ameoba Mode of infection: ingestion of cysts Site affected: intestines (may be liver abscess) Disease caused: Amoebiasis Definitive Diagnosis: cysts in feces Other: |
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Giardia Lamblia Giardia intestinalis Giardia duodenalis |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - flagellate Mode of infection: ingestion of cyst or contaminated water Site affected: intestines Disease caused: giardia Definitive Diagnosis: cysts in feces or trophozoite in watery stool Other: |
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Balantidum Coli |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - ciliate Mode of infection:ingestion of cysts Site affected: intestines Disease caused: balandtidiasis Definitive Diagnosis: cysts in feces Other: farming communities |
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Isospora belli |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - sporozoa Mode of infection:ingestion of oocyst Site affected: Intestinal epithelium Disease caused: Isosporiasis Definitive Diagnosis: Acid-fast oocyst in feces Other: |
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Cyclospora cayetanensis |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - sporozoa Mode of infection:ingestion of oocyst Site affected: Intestinal epithelium Disease caused: cyclosporasis Definitive Diagnosis: Acid-fast oocyst in feces Other: |
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Crypptosporidium parvum / hominis |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - sporozoa Mode of infection: ingestion of oocyst (swimming pools) Site affected: Intestinal epithelium Disease caused: cryptosporidiosis Definitive Diagnosis: Acid-fast oocyst in feces *very common in US |
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Tricholmonas vaginalis |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - flagellate Mode of infection: direct sexual contact Site affected: urogenital Disease caused: trichomoniasis Definitive Diagnosis: motile trophozoites in vaginal smear *no cyst form |
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Naegleria fowleri |
Type of parasite: protozoa - amoeboflagellate Mode of infection: nasal passages (diving) Site affected: CNS Disease caused: Amoebic meningoencephalitis Definitive Diagnosis: trophozite in CSF *extremely aggressive compared to Acanthamoeba culbertsoni |
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Acanthamoeba culbertsoni |
Type of parasite: Protozoa - amoebaflagellates Mode of infection: skin, eye, lungs, etc Site affected: CNS Disease caused: granulomatous encephalitis Definitive Diagnosis: trophpozite in CSF *less aggressive compared to Naegleria fowleri, *common in the immunocompromised, *contact lenses |
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Trypanosomagambiense Trypanosomarhodesiense |
Type of parasite: protozoa - Haemoflagellates Mode of infection: bite from the tsetes fly Site affected: CNS Disease caused: African sleeping sickness Definitive Diagnosis: Metazoan in blood plasma and CSF |
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Trypanosomacruzi |
Type of parasite: protozoa - Haemoflagellates Mode of infection: bite from the Reduviid bug Site affected: heart and GI Disease caused: Chagas disease Definitive Diagnosis: Amastigotes in blood |
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Leishmania tropica |
Type of parasite: protozoa - Haemoflagellates Mode of infection: sand fly bite Site affected: skin Disease caused: leishmaniasis - dermal/cutaneous Definitive Diagnosis: Amastigotes in macrophages |
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Leishmaniabrasiliensis |
Type of parasite: protozoa - Haemoflagellates Mode of infection: sand fly bite Site affected: nasal and oropheryngeal mucosa Disease caused: leishmaniasis - musculocutanous Definitive Diagnosis: Amastigotes in macrophages |
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Leishmaniadonovanii |
Type of parasite: protozoa - Haemoflagellates Mode of infection: sand fly bite Site affected: spleen, liver, bone marrow Disease caused: leishmaniasis - visceral Definitive Diagnosis: Amastigotes in macrophages |
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Plasmodium spp. |
Type of parasite: protozoa - sporozoa Mode of infection: sporozites enter through mosquito bites Site affected: liver and RBC Disease caused: Malaria Definitive Diagnosis: presence of merozoites or gametocytes in blood *humans are intermediate hosts |
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Babesia microti/divergens |
Type of parasite: protozoa - sporozoa Mode of infection: infected tick bite Site affected: RBC Disease caused: babesiosis Definitive Diagnosis: presence of infected RBC *often confused for malaria |
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Toxoplasmagondii |
Type of parasite: protozoa - sporozoa Mode of infection: ingestion of oocyst (cat feces). easily inhaled, or on hands/nails Site affected: neural and muscle tissue Disease caused: toxoplasmosis Definitive Diagnosis: presence of parasite in blood *mainly a concern during pregnancies |
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Paragonimuswestermani |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: ingestion of crab Site affected: lungs Disease caused: paragonimiasis Definitive Diagnosis: egg in sputum |
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Clonorchissinensis |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: ingestion of fish Site affected: liver Disease caused: clonorchis Definitive Diagnosis: egg in feces |
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Fasciola hepatica |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: ingestion of plants Site affected: liver Disease caused: fascioliasis Definitive Diagnosis: egg in feces |
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Heterophyesheterophyes |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: ingestion of fish Site affected: Intestines Disease caused: heterophyiasis Definitive Diagnosis: egg in feces |
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Fasciolopsisbuski |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: ingestion of plants Site affected: Intestines Disease caused: fasciolopsiasis Definitive Diagnosis: egg in feces |
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Schistosomiasismansoni |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: cercariae penetrate skin when swimming Site affected: Intestinal blood Disease caused: schistosomiasis Definitive Diagnosis: egg (w/ huge lateral spine) in feces *snail feces |
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Schistosomiasisjaponicum |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: cercariae penetrate skin when swimming Site affected: Intestinal blood Disease caused: schistosomiasis Definitive Diagnosis: egg ( w/ rudementary lateral spine) in feces *snail feces |
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Schistosomiasishematobium |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - trematodes Mode of infection: cercariae penetrate skin when swimming Site affected: urniary blood Disease caused: schistosomiasis Definitive Diagnosis: egg ( w/ terminal spine) in urine *snail feces |
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DiphylobothriumLatum |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - Cestode Mode of infection: ingestion of contaminated raw fish Site affected: intestine Disease caused: loss of B12 - megalobastic anemia Definitive Diagnosis: eggs in feces (huge) |
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Taeniasissaginata |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - Cestode Mode of infection: ingestion of contaminated beef Site affected: intestine Disease caused: taeniasis Definitive Diagnosis: eggs or proglottids in feces |
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Taeniasis solium |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - Cestode Mode of infection: ingestion T. solium eggs Site affected: neural and muscular tissue Disease caused: cysticercosis Definitive Diagnosis: MRI or CT scan for cysts *can cause taeniasis through pork meat |
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Echinococcusgranulosus Echinococcus multilocularis |
Type of parasite: platyhelminthes - Cestode Mode of infection: ingestion of eggs Site affected: cysts can be anywhere Disease caused: cystic echinococcosis, hydatid disease Definitive Diagnosis: leisions on x-ray *Dog as vector, sheep as intermediate |
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Ascarislumbricoides aka round worm |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - intestinal worms Mode of infection: ingestion of eggs in raw veggies Site affected: intestines Disease caused: Ascariasis Definitive Diagnosis: thick walled eggs n feces *most common human infection worldwide |
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Strongyloides stercoralis aka thread worm |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - intestinal worms
Mode of infection: larvae penitrate the skin Site affected: intestines Disease caused: stronyloidiasis Definitive Diagnosis: larvae in feces *high loads in the immunocompromised |
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Enterobius vermicularis aka pinform |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - intestinal worms Mode of infection: ingestion of eggs Site affected: intestines Disease caused: enterobiasis Definitive Diagnosis: eggs on anal region (perianal itching) *very common in the US, esp in children |
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Necator Americanus Ancylostoma aka hookwork |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - intestinal worms Mode of infection: larvae penitrate the skin Site affected: intestines Disease caused: anemia Definitive Diagnosis: eggs in feces |
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Trichinellaspiralis |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - intestinal worms Mode of infection: ingestion of infected meat Site affected: intestines Disease caused: trichinosis (muscle pain) Definitive Diagnosis: cysts in muscle *no external phase, no eggs/larvae produced |
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Trichuristrichiura aka whip worm |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - intestinal worms Mode of infection: ingestion of eggs Site affected: intestines Disease caused: rectal prolapse Definitive Diagnosis: eggs in feces |
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Wuchereriabancrofti Brugia malayi Brugia timori |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - filaria worms Mode of infection: larvae enters skin from mosquito bite Site affected: lymph tissue Disease caused: elephantiasis Definitive Diagnosis: microfilariae in blood |
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Onchocerca volvus |
Type of parasite: Nemathelminthes - filaria worms Mode of infection: larvae enters skin via black fly bite Site affected: skin and eye disease caused: onchocerciasis (dermatitis and blindness) definitive diagnosis: nodulectomy (skin snip) *water flea is the vector |
