Parasite-1

Front 1

Parasitc Infections cause what symptom?

Back 1

Gastritis in Duodenum⇒ Microcytic Anemia

Front 2

What will you see in parasitic infection?

Back 2

T cell, macrophages, Eosinophisl and low volume state,

Front 3

You know the answer is parasite when there is mention of?

Back 3

Increased Liver Enzymes (AST/ALT)

Front 4

Liver Flukes will cause an increase in? how do you treat them?

Back 4

ALT/AST. Praziquantal

Front 5

Praziquantal MOA

Back 5

Increases permeability of membranes of parasite cells (certain schistosomes) for calcium. Ie causes Contraction of parasite→ paralysis in contracted state

Front 6

Schistosomiasis

Back 6

Walk bear foot in swamp, step on snail(carrier)→ infection

Front 7

S.mansoni

Back 7

Affect liver, Risk for Cancer, Lateral spine, Pipe-stem fibrosis

Front 8

S. haematobium causes?

Back 8

Squamous cell bladder cancer (chronic irritation), EGYPT

Front 9

Echinococcus granulosus comes from?

Back 9

Eating raw lamb/sheep (raw lamb in dog food), dog poop

Front 10

Echinococcus granulosus infection- pt will have?

Back 10

Large cyst (hydatid cyst) in liver w/ eggshell calcifications, liver abscess

Front 11

+ casoni Test

Back 11

Echinococcus granulosus

Front 12

Toxocara cati

Back 12

Cat poop larvae in it

Front 13

Toxacara canis

Back 13

Dog poop which has larvae in it

Front 14

When Toxocara infects the skin its called?

Back 14

Cutaneous larva migrans (see Larva burrowing under the skin→ ITCHY)

Front 15

When toxocara gets into the bloodstream and attacks organs its called?

Back 15

Visceral Larva Migrans (larva migrates to organs (liver)

Front 16

What liver flukes like the biliary tract?

Back 16

Clonorchis sinensis &Opisthorchis viverrini

Front 17

What liver flukes have increased Alkalkine Phosphatase? And can lead to Cholangiosarcoma

Back 17

Clonorchis sinensis &Opisthorchis viverrini

Front 18

Clonorchis sinensis &Opisthorchis viverrini will cause …and….have what increased? Is most common in what population of people?

Back 18

Gastroenteritis. Increased Direct bilirubinemia + Alkalkine phosphatase. More common in Chinese people

Front 19

How do hookworms work?

Back 19

Hook into intestine/bowel wall

Front 20

What do hookworms cause?

Back 20

Severe cramps and diarrhea

Front 21

Hookworms “NEAT Ass”

Back 21

Necator americanus, Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm), Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale, Strongyloides stercoralis

Front 22

MC hookworm Ix in US

Back 22

Necator Americanus

Front 23

Metacercariae

Back 23

=infectious stage of Necator Americanus

Front 24

Enterobius Vermicularis (Pin worm) likes to live where?

Back 24

Cecum and comes out at night to lay eggs

Front 25

Pin worm infection symptoms?

Back 25

PRURITIS ANI (chronic itching of skin around anus)- caused by eggs which worms lay at night, NOT WORM itself

Front 26

Pinworm is commonly seen in what pop

Back 26

Kids in day care

Front 27

What causes the itching in pinworm?

Back 27

Eggs

Front 28

Scotch tape test

Back 28

See dead worms in Enterobius vermicularis. Only female comes out at night to lay eggs

Front 29

Ascaris Lumbricoides

Back 29

Roundworm, swallow+ cough, ingest egg from human feces

Front 30

Trichuris trichuria

Back 30

Whip worm. Anchors in rectum causing Tenesmus (painful to defecate)

Front 31

Trichurs Trihiura complication?

Back 31

Rectal Prolapse (in child from straining so much)

Front 32

Ancylostoma duodenale

Back 32

Causes duodenal obstruction

Front 33

Strongyloides stercoralis

Back 33

Threadworm⇒ Dermatitis, Pulmonary eosinophilia

Front 34

DOC for Hookworm Tx

Back 34

Mebendazole (Vermox)- will only kill Adult Worm (give 1 tablet the day u see pt then repeat in a week)

Front 35

Mebendazole MOA

Back 35

Paralyzes microtubules→ cant hook on

Front 36

Thiobendazole

Back 36

Tx for Strongyloides

Front 37

Pyrantel Pamoate

Back 37

Specific tx for Enterobius Vermicularis (pinworm)

Front 38

Loeffler Syndrome

Back 38

Endocarditis and pneumonitis (pulmonary infiltrate + severe eosinophilia)

Front 39

Loeffler’s syndrome on Chest Radiology

Back 39

Diffuse, fan shaped Shadowing (transient pulmonary rxn w/ nodular or reticular shadowing)

Front 40

Flat worms(Tapeworms) will curl around?

Back 40

Intestine

Front 41

Taenia Saginata

Back 41

Flatworm causing gastroenteritis associated w/ RAW BEEF

Front 42

Taenia Solium is associated w/

Back 42

Gastroenteritis w/ Raw PORK

Front 43

Taenia solium larval form?

Back 43

=Cystircercosis (*Punctuate Calcifications throughout the brain→ seizure and die)

Front 44

Taenia Solium Larva likes to go do what to the eye?

Back 44

Swim in the aqueous humor of the eye “black dots passing thru the eye”

Front 45

Trichinella Spiralis is associated w/?

Back 45

Raw Bear Meat, Pork, raw Walrus meat

Front 46

Trichinella spiralis infects where?

Back 46

Tunnels under muscle causing severe myositis* (Increased CPK, Myoglobulin). Muscle pain, periorbital edema

Front 47

Diphyllobothrium latum is associated w/? likes to eat?

Back 47

Raw Fish. Likes to eat B12

Front 48

Diphyllobothrium latum will cause what in the pt?

Back 48

Megaloblastic anemia w/ hypersegmented neutrophils. DCML +CST tract affected

Front 49

2 enzymes affected by Diphyllobothrium latum?

Back 49

Homocysteine methyl transferase, Methyl malonyl coA mutase

Front 50

MCC of B12 deficiency in America:

Back 50

Pernicious Anemia (Type A gastritis- anti-parietal cell antibody)

Front 51

Flatworm/Tapeworm Tx

Back 51

Hyclosamine, Niclosamide

Front 52

Niclosamide MOA

Back 52

Inhibit oxidative phosphorylation (Decreases ATP)

Front 53

Round Worms

Back 53

Ochocerca

Front 54

Ochocerca comes from?

Back 54

Black fly

Front 55

Ochocerca causes?

Back 55

River blindness, moving Knuckle nodules