Parasit Test 4

Front 1

Signs of hookworm infestation include:

Back 1

*Anemia (they are blood feeders)
-pale mucus membranes
-poor CRT
*bloody feces (melena due to blood having been digested)
* +/- passage of adults in feces
*

Front 2

Hookworms have a ____ life cycle

Back 2

direct

Front 3

Hookworms have a hooked head and a ________ body

Back 3

round

Front 4

Hookworms have a ________ reproductive style and produce ____ ova

Back 4

oviporous

TASE

Front 5

Hookworm ova are oval in shape with blastomeres, which are chunks of _________ that may or may not fill up egg.

Back 5

cytoplasm

Front 6

Appearance of TASE in a small animal sample is very diagnostic and we report out on lab sheet and in the record that the animal has _____

Back 6

hookworm

Front 7

Appearance of TASE in LARGE animal is ____ because ______, so on the record we write TASE.

Back 7

not very diagnostic

there are many worms in large animal that produce TASE

Front 8

With large animal, a generic diagnosis of TASE results in a treatment _____

Back 8

the same no matter what SPECIFIC worm the horse may have

Front 9

Hookworms reproduce in a _______ manner

Back 9

dioecious

Front 10

Hookworms MUST go through some sort of _________like ascarids in order to become adults.

Back 10

migreation

Front 11

Hookworms route of infestation is typically___________

Back 11

skin penetration

Front 12

Hookworm have a morula, which is a __________

Back 12

Larvated egg from TASE

Front 13

What are a few good ways to kill Hookworms?

Back 13

*A good freeze will kill them in environment
*sodium borate raked into the soil/ gravel will kill them (and vegitation)
*Bleach works well on cement
*Routine deworming

Front 14

Ancylostoma caninum is HSS for

Back 14

canines

Front 15

Ancylostoma caninum has ____ as a IH

Back 15

nothing

Front 16

THe site of infestation for Ancylostoma caninum is _____

Back 16

Small intestines

Front 17

Possible pathogenesis for Ancylostoma caninum is:

Back 17

Dermatitis
enteritis
hemorrhagic diarrhea
melena
anemia

Front 18

Treatment for Ancylostoma caninum may include:

Back 18

Blood transfusion
IV fluids
Ivermectin, Fenbendazole

Front 19

PHS for Ancylostoma caninum is

Back 19

CLM

Front 20

Ancylostoma caninum is more prevalent

Back 20

In southern US, midwest, and more so in tropical and sub-tropical areas

Front 21

Ancylostoma caninum have ___rows of teeth and ____ova

Back 21

3

TASE

Front 22

Describe Ancylostoma caninum life cycle

Back 22

Ova in soil become larvae, and then use one of 4 routes of infestation:
*Skin penetration with tracheal or OR somatic migration
*Transplacental with somatic migration
*Transmammary with somatic migration
*Direct ingestion of larva with tracheal or somatic migration

Front 23

Larvae of Ancylostoma caninum tend to have as sites of infestation the_________

Back 23

dermis - skin penetration

respiratory tract-tracheal migration

Front 24

Adults of Ancylostoma caninum tend to choose ____ as their site of infestation

Back 24

small intestine

Front 25

Adult Ancylostoma caninum secrete _____ which allows them to feed and also leads to more bleeding in the intestine.

Back 25

anticoagulant

Front 26

Ancylostoma caninum is _____ a problem in kennels.

Back 26

often

Front 27

Diagnosis of Ancylostoma caninum is often ________

Back 27

ova in feces

Front 28

The PHS for Ancylostoma caninum is CLM, which is also known as

Back 28

Creeping eruptions

Front 29

Ancylostoma braziliense has a common name, what is it?

Back 29

dog and cat hookworm

Front 30

Ancylostoma brazilense has what as a paratenic host?

Back 30

nothing

Front 31

The final host for Ancylostoma brazilense is _______

Back 31

Dogs and cats

Front 32

The site of infestation for Ancylostma brazilense is

Back 32

small intestines

Front 33

Possible pathogenesis for Ancylostoma brazilense is:

Back 33

*Dermatitis,
*enteritis, melena
*Macrocytic hypochromic anemia (RBC's are large and pale)
*pneumonia

Front 34

Treatment for Ancylostoma brazilense may involve:

Back 34

Blood transfusion
IV fluids
Ivermectin, Fenbendazole

Front 35

PHS for Ancylostoma brazilense is:

Back 35

CLM---more common with this species

Front 36

Ancylostoma brazilense have _____ rows of teeth and _____ ova

Back 36

2

TASE

Front 37

Ancylostoma brazilense is distributed WW but is seen more often in ____

Back 37

Florida

Coastal SE

Front 38

Ancylostoma tubaeformae has what as an IH?

Back 38

nothing

Front 39

Ancylostoma tubaeformae is HSS for?

Back 39

cats

Front 40

the site of infestation for Ancylostoma tubaeformae is?

Back 40

Small intestine

Front 41

The pathogenesis for Ancylostoma tubaeformae includes:

Back 41

Dermatitis
enteritis
hemorrhagic diarrhea, melena
anemia

Front 42

The pathogenesis for Ancylostoma tubaeformae includes:

Back 42

Dermatitis
enteritis
hemorrhagic diarrhea, melena
anemia

Front 43

Treatment for Ancylostoma tubaeformae would be:

Back 43

Blood transfusion
IV fluids
Ivermectin, Fenbendazole

Front 44

The PHS for Ancylostoma tubaeformae is:

Back 44

nothing

Front 45

Distribution for Ancylostoma tubaeformae is:

Back 45

WW but in US is SE coastal regions

Front 46

Unicinaria stenocephala is also known as

Back 46

the Cold weather hookworm because it can withstand temps below freezing

Front 47

The IH for Unicinaria stenocephala is:

Back 47

nothing

Front 48

The final host for Uncinaria stenocephala is:

Back 48

dogs

Front 49

The site of infestation for Uncinaria stenocephala is

Back 49

small intestines

Front 50

The pathogenesis for Uncinaria stenocephala is:

Back 50

same as other Hookworms but anemia is not as bad

Front 51

The distribution for Uncinaria stenocephala is

Back 51

Northern temperate zones due to ability to withstand sub-freezing temps

Front 52

Medications for Uncinaria stenocephala are:

Back 52

Fenbendazole
Ivermectin
Milbemycin

Front 53

PHS for Uncinaria stenocephala is

Back 53

CLM

Front 54

Uncinaria stenocephala adults look like___and the ova are ___

Back 54

Hookworm appearance with a bowl-like buccal-capsule (pouch mouth) with a pair of cutting plates (like a snapping turtle)

Ova are TASE

Front 55

Uncinaria stenocepha are L3 infective with 3-4 routes of infestation which are:

Back 55

1. Direct ingestion with mucosal migration
2. Skin penetration with mucosal migration
3. Transmammary with mucosal migration
4. Possible in-utero

Front 56

Ancylostoma duodenale is HSS for

Back 56

humans

Front 57

Bunostomum spp has no IH and there are two types. phlebotonum is HSS for ________ and trigonocephalu is HSS for _______

Back 57

Cattle

Sheep

Front 58

The site of infestation for Bunostomu spp. is

Back 58

small intestines

Front 59

Pathogenesis for Bunostomu spp. is

Back 59

typical hookworm symptoms: Dermatitis, enteritis, scouring
hemorrhagic anemia

Front 60

Treatment for Bunostomu spp. involves what medications?

Back 60

Ivermectin
Benzimidazol
Levamisole

Front 61

Bunostomu spp has what as a PHS?

Back 61

CLM

Front 62

Bunostomu has 2 routes of infestation and they are___?

Back 62

Direct with tracheal migration

Skin penetration with tracheal migration

Front 63

Lungworms general characteristics are:

Back 63

*All roundworms
*Most domestic animals will have 1 genus but cats may have 2
*Most are ovaviviparous
*Some are oviparous

Front 64

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is also known as

Back 64

Cat lungworm

Front 65

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus has as IH _________ and possible PH are _____

Back 65

Snails and slugs

PH-rodents, frogs, lizards, birds

Front 66

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is HSS for

Back 66

cats

Front 67

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus sites of infestation are:

Back 67

bronchioles and lung tissues

Front 68

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus pathogenesis involves

Back 68

Usually not pathogenic but can see smooth muscle hypertrophy, anorexia, coughing, dyspnea

Front 69

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus treatment involves:

Back 69

Ivermectin
Fenbendazole
Prednisolone for clinical signs

Front 70

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus PHS is:

Back 70

nothing

Front 71

Aelurostronglus abstrusus adults are ___________ and the ova are not seen because _________

Back 71

rarely seen because they are embedded in lung tissue.

Th larvae pass out of the host

Front 72

What is the basic life cycle of the Aelurostrongylus abstrusus ?

Back 72

*Eggs laid by female become L1 infective and are coughed up and swallowed.
*L1 larvae are passed in feces then penetrate IH and molt into L3 in IH or PH.
*IH host is often eaten by the PH, which is eaten by the FH
*In final host, they penetrate the intestinal wall, get into general circulation and migrate to the lungs. THIS IS NOT TRACHEAL MIGRATION because they stay in the lungs as adults

Front 73

Diagnosing Aelurostrongylus abstrusus involves:

Back 73

Seeing larvae in the feces

Radiographic evidence

Front 74

Dictyocaulus spp. has 2 common names based on what species they infest. What are they?

Back 74

Cattle lungworm- viviparous

Equine lungworm-arfeldi

Front 75

There are 3 types of Dictyocaulus spp. What are they and what is their HSS or HSP?

Back 75

viviparus is HSS for cattle

arnfeldi is HSP for horses, donkeys, mules

filarial is HSP for sheep and goats

Front 76

The sites of infestation for Dictylocaulus spp. is

Back 76

bronchioles and lungs

Front 77

Pathogenesis for Dictylocaulus spp. is:

Back 77

tachypnea, coughing, nasal discharge, emphysema, damage to bronchi, pulmonary edema w/secondary infections

Front 78

Treatment for Dictyocaulus spp. is

Back 78

Horses: Ivermectin, Fenbendazole, Albendazole

Cattle: Ivermectin, Fenbendazole, Moxidectin

Front 79

PHS for Dictyocaulus spp is:

Back 79

nothing

Front 80

The life cycle of the Dictyocaulus spp. involves adults living in the lungs where the female lays eggs. In the viviparous and filarial types, the larvae hatch from ova and ____?

Back 80

are coughed up and swallowed, then pass out of the host as larvae in the feces

Front 81

The life cycle of the Dictyocaulus spp. involves adults living in the lungs where the female lays eggs. In the arnfeldi type, the larvated ova are passed in the feces and then ______

Back 81

quickly shed the shell and become L3 infective in the environment where it is is ingested the L3 infectives where they migrate to the lungs to become adults.

Front 82

Diagnosis of Dictyocaulus spp is:

Back 82

HORSES: larvae in feces and possibly larvated ova in very fresh samples

CATTLE: Ova and larvae in nasal discharge. (There is an ELIZA test)

Front 83

Treatment for Dictyocaulus spp is:

Back 83

Cattle: Ivermectin, fenbendazole, ivermectin

Horses: Ivermectin, fenbendazole, moxidectin

Front 84

Metastrongylus apri is also known as

Back 84

Swine lungworm

Front 85

The IH for Metastrongylus apri may be

Back 85

earthworms

Front 86

Metastrongylus apri is HSP for:

Back 86

Pigs and wild swine

Front 87

Metastrongylus apri site of infestation is

Back 87

bronchii, bronchioles and lungs

Front 88

Pathogenesis for Metastrongylus apri is:

Back 88

Ivermectin, fenbendazole, levamisole

Front 89

PHS on all the lungworms is:

Back 89

nothing

Front 90

For Metastrongylus apri, the ova are seen as

Back 90

larvated ova in feces

Front 91

Lifecycle of the Metastrongylus apri is:

Back 91

*Larvated ova are coughed up and swallowed and passed out in the feces
*Larvated ova are eaten by earthworm and molt to L3 infective
*Earthworms are ingested by pigs
*Larvae travel to lungs VIA the LYMPHATIC system

Front 92

Diagnosis of Metastrongylus apri is:

Back 92

larvated ova in feces

Front 93

Eucoleus (Capillaria) aerophila may have earthworms as IH and is HSP for:

Back 93

dogs and cats

Front 94

The site of infestation for for Eucoleus (Capillaria) aerophila is:

Back 94

trachea and bronchii

Front 95

Pathogenesis for Eucoleus (Capillaria) aerophila is:

Back 95

slight coughing. wheezing, respiratory distress

Front 96

Treatment for Eucoleus (Capillaria) aerophila is;

Back 96

Ivermectin, fenbendazole, levamisole

Front 97

Eucoleus (Capillaria) aerophila adults look like_____________ and the ova look like ___________

Back 97

Adults are whip shaped with a fine anterior end

Ova are double operculated, barrel shaped and light in color, roughened outer surface with a pebbled appearance.

Front 98

Life cycle of the Eucoleus (Capillaria) aerophila involves direct ingestion of the ova which

Back 98

migrate to the lungs from the GI tract and grow to adults in the brochii

Front 99

Diagnosis of Eucoleus (Capillaria) aerophila involves:

Back 99

ova in feces or tracheal mucosa